基于冲突视角的潮汕家族企业治理研究——以pn公司为例-research on chaoshan family business governance from the perspective of conflict - taking pn company as an example.docxVIP
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基于冲突视角的潮汕家族企业治理研究——以pn公司为例-research on chaoshan family business governance from the perspective of conflict - taking pn company as an example
摘要家族企业是非常古老且广泛存在的一种组织形式,大量中小民营企业都采取了家族制的 经营方式。家族企业的悠久历史和普遍存在的现实说明了家族制经营具有某种先天的优势, 使这一组织形态在世界范围内历久不衰。但同时,家族企业在公司治理方面也有内在的缺陷 和不好的名声,如家族企业掌控人独断专行、缺乏远见、任人唯亲, 家族内斗、“富不过三 代”等等,都说明了家族制经营长期存在的缺陷与不足。本文作者所工作生活的潮汕地区,家族制经营非常普遍,是区域内最典型和最主要的企 业组织形式,有广泛的社会文化基础。本文以潮汕家族企业作为主要考察的对象和研究的案 例,一定程度上增添了区域文化和社会习俗的研究视角和线索,但总体上还是以冲突视角来 研究当前中国家族企业治理问题的相似特征和共性问题。本文在理论与文献研究的基础上,以冲突视角为切入点来考察研究家族企业治理问题 , 总结了潮汕家族企业治理存在的三组主要冲突,即家族内部产权冲突、老板与职业经理人的委托-代理冲突、职业经理人与家族裙带关系的管理冲突;以案例研究的方法,通过深度访 谈揭示了三类冲突在企业中的现实表现及其对企业的影响,探究家族企业治理冲突存在和形 成的逻辑以及主要的影响因素。通过研究发现:1)潮汕家族企业治理结构受“差序格局” 的文化传统影响较大,“自己人”和“外人”的心理区分明显,老板对外部职业经理人信任 度低;2)从“三环模型”的角度看,家族企业内部治理冲突的形成和激化,反映了家族企 业中家族与所有权关系、所有权与经营权关系、家族与经营权关系的不稳定和相互碰撞,而 这个过程中,家族企业制度性治理框架的普遍缺失和不完善是造成无序和冲突的主要原因; 3)通过制度化框架的设计和完善,是有效解决“信任”问题、缓解冲突和优化家族企业内 部治理的主要思路,构建以“信任机制”、“授权\监督机制”、“奖惩机制”为主要制度性框 架的治理结构和管理体系,为家族企业治理的“三环”搭建一个有效的支撑,使之进退有序, 是本文的主要对策建议。关键词:家族企业 治理 冲突 对策AbstractFamily business is one of the most ancient and popular organization. It is the most applicable mode adopted by many private-firms. The reality that long history and ubiquity existing on family business shows the congenital advantage of family enterprise, which make it possible to survive and be active worldwide. But, Family business also has its defect and bad reputation on governance, such as over-authoritative, myopia and nepotism. Family conflict and fighting also shows the inherent defect of family business as well as the saying that Riches could not maintain for more than three generation.Chaoshan area is the place which the author living and working, family business is very traditional and can be seen everywhere in Chaoshan area. This thesis regard the local typical family enterprise as focus and example, to a certain extent it provide clues of local traditions and cultures. However, it would not change the characteristic, similarity and generality of family enterprise governance and was not concerned to be distinguishable from other regions and areas.Based on theoretical review, the thesis summarize and propose
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