基于声表面波的无线射频识别系统分析-analysis of radio frequency identification system based on surface acoustic wave.docxVIP
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基于声表面波的无线射频识别系统分析-analysis of radio frequency identification system based on surface acoustic wave
基于声表面波的无线射频识别系统研究 摘要声表面波无线射频识别系统是一种新型自动识别方法,具有无源、被动、识别距 离远、适应恶劣环境能力强等优点而成为射频识别领域的研究热点。声表面波无线射 频系统包括标签和阅读器两部分,标签由天线、叉指换能器和一系列具有编码作用的 反射栅构成;叉指换能器能够利用压电材料的压电效应实现射频波与声表面波之间的 转换;标签接受信号,传递至叉指换能器后激发出相应的声表面波,该声表面波沿压 电基片表面传播,到达含有编码信息的反射栅后,部分声表面波返回至叉指换能器, 叉指换能器利用基片逆压电效应将声表面波转换成射频波后,由标签天线发射出去, 同时阅读器天线接收信号,从而完成声表面波标签信息的识别。论文介绍了声表面波无线射频识别技术的工作原理,对声表面波标签各组成部分 进行了系统的介绍;利用 ANSYS 软件对标签进行仿真模拟;建立两个叉指换能器周 期的声表面波标签二维模型,通过模态分析和谐响应分析,得到声表面波在标签上的 能量分布图,以及标签某一点的幅频特性图,分析二维模型误差的原因;考虑声表面 波标签横向位移的影响,建立声表面波标签三维模型,分析叉指电极对正、反特征频 率的影响以及幅频特性,为声表面波标签的制作和设计提供了理论依据。在脉冲位置编码方式的基础上,提出了一种基于最小二乘法的栅参数反射估计 法。构造声表面波阅读器的信号模型,在起始反射栅时延参数估计算法的基础上,综 合考虑单个标签的所有往返时延信息,引入误差向量和目标函数,利用最小二乘法对 目标函数优化,取消具有参考作用的起始反射栅,从而整体上增大了编码空间,提升 了编码容量。利用蒙特卡洛方法对试验数据进行统计分析,证实了该方法的有效性。关键词:声表面波标签,射频识别,脉冲位置编码,最小二乘法,有限元分析IRESEARCH OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE BASED ON RFID SYSTEMABSTRACTSurface acoustic wave (SAW) tags based on the radio frequency identification (RFID) system is a new kind of automatic identification method, which have the characteristics of completely passive operation, low cost ,long distance and identify the high-speed object. It also has high robustness against the bad environment. Therefor, it has become a hot research direction in the RFID field. A complete SAW-RFID system includes tags and reader. The SAW tags generally consist of three parts:tag antenna,inter-digital transducer(IDT) and a series of code reflectors. The IDT transforms the electrical signal into SAW by the piezoelectric effect. The SAW reader transmits a RF interrogation signal pulse through the antenna, then the antenna on the SAW tag receive the inquiry signal within the scope and transfer the signals to IDT. Due to the inverse piezoelectric effect of the substrate, the IDT inspires the same frequency SAW. The SAW spreads along the wave track of the substrate surface and after reaching to a series of closely encoding reflectors, some energy reflects back to IDT. The energy converts into RF waves and emits by the tag antenna and receives by the
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