经鼻—蝶窦至海绵窦入路中相关结构的解剖学观察-anatomical observation of related structures in nasal - sphenoidal to cavernous sinus approach.docxVIP

优秀毕业论文 精品参考文献资料 外侧边:（16. 96±4.53）mm,底边:（6.96±2.60）mm。前外侧三角( Mullans 三角) : 内侧边为眼神经, 外侧边为上颌神经, 底边为圆孔与眶上裂的连 线。内侧边:（16.47±2.36）mm, 外侧边:（12.58±2.17）mm，底边：（8.78 ±2.95）mm。外侧三角:内侧边为上颌神经, 外侧边为下颌神经, 底边为圆 孔与卵圆孔连线。内侧边:(12.97±2.35)mm，外侧边:（6.65±1.56）mm， 底边:（8.78±2.95）mm。⑦海绵窦上壁三角：内侧三角（Hakubas 三角）: 后床突前外缘、颈内动脉 C2 段与鞍隔相交、眼神经入海绵窦外侧壁口，三 点围成。内侧三角。内侧边:（7.76±1.99）mm,外侧边:（7.02±1.55）mm, 底边:（4.31±1.48）mm。前内侧三角（Dolencs 三角）:内侧边为视神经， 外侧边为动眼神经,底边为硬膜缘。内侧边(9.38±2.51）mm，外侧边(10.2 ±2.36)mm，底边:(7.68±2.13)mm。 结论：海绵窦位于中颅窝深部，毗邻血管、神经多，是神经外科手 术最难以开展的区域之一。熟悉蝶窦、海绵窦区解剖学结构，可减少术中 对窦内重要血管及神经损伤的可能，有效应对术中意外，提高手术的安全 性和有效性。内镜下经鼻-蝶窦入路是可以较常规显微镜取的更好的显露视 野，减少盲区，使得手术更加安全、简洁、有效，同时具有患者创伤小、 恢复快的优点。本实验的数据可以为其供参考。 关键词：海绵窦；解剖学；颈内动脉；经鼻-蝶窦入路  Study of the Anatomy involving the endoscopic endonasal transsphnoid approaches to cavernous sinus ABSTRACT Objective: The cavernous sinuses are venous structures in the middle fossa. It is very difficult to expose due to its deep location. Many diseases in this region are needed to treat by surgery.We use anatomical methods to investigate the morphological characteristics of adult specimens and to provide anatomic basis for the operation of CS. Methods: Location, surrounding structures, structures of lateral wall, superior wall, medial wall and posterior wall of CS were dissected, observed and measured on 16 sides from 8 cadaveric heads. Especially, focused on the following contents: Dural structure, anatomic triangles and nerves of the wall of CS. Location and surrounding structures of ACP.Location,course of the intracavernous internal carotid artery.Location, course and surrounding structure of nerve through CS. Results: ①Average distances from the anterior nasal spina to the ostia of sphenoidal sinus, sphenopalatine foramen,and anterior clinoid process were （58.53 士 5.11）mm,（50.33 士 2.42）mm，（80.02 士 4.96）mm.The Angles between the attachment and sagittal alignment were acute angle, respectively (34.0 and 2.9) degrees, (20.0 and 3.5) degrees and (35.2 and 3.8)degrees.②