农村中小学生交通伤害健康教育干预效果研究.docVIP

农村中小学生交通伤害健康教育干预效果研究 【摘要】目的掌握健康教育对农村学生交通伤害的预防效果，为预防和控制农村学生交通伤害提供有效的方法。方法选取广东省二类农村县城辖区内全部2006年小学三～五年级、初中一～二年级、高中一～二年级全体学生为研究对象。干预过程采用12种健康教育方式，以交通法规和交通安全知识为主要内容，为期1 a。干预前、后采用问卷调查形式收集信息。结果通过健康教育活动，学生交通伤害发生率由干预前的8.3%下降到干预后的3.5%，降幅为57.8％，男、女生分别下降52.3％和60.4％，各年级学生均有50%～70％的降幅；交通安全知识回答正确率增幅为10.8%～50.8％，女生知识掌握程度优于男生；学生危险行为发生率从22.5%，26.4%分别下降到15.7%，19.5%，下降幅度为30.2%，26.1%，以初中学生降幅较大。交通伤害引起的疾病负担干预后下降了36.0%，降幅最为显著的是门诊费用，下降了36.3%。结论健康教育对降低学生的交通伤害发生非常有效，符合成本效益，必须从早、从小全面开展交通安全教育。 【关键词】 事故，交通；创伤和损伤；健康教育；学生；农村人口Study on Intervention Effects of Traffic Injury Education on Rural Students/XU Haofeng,MA Wenjun,NIE Shaoping,et al.Guangdong Provincial Center for Diseases Prevention and Control,Guangzhou(510300),China 【Abstract】 Objective To study the intervention effects of traffic injury education among students in rural areas,and to provide effective methods for preventing and controlling traffic injury of students in rural areas. Methods A rural town was selected as survey spots, where students from grade 3 to grade 8 besides grade 10 and grade 11 took part in the program. Twelve intervention measures of traffic injuries were carried out, which lasted for one year. Participants were asked to complete the questionnaires before and after intervention under guidance of investigators for evaluation. Results Followed by one year intervention, the incidence of traffic injury fell from 8.3% to 3.5%, and dropped by 57.8%: for male students by 52.3% and female students 60.4%. The traffic injury incidence dropped by 50% - 70% in different grades. The correct knowledge of safe traffic increased from 10.8% to 50.8%, and girls leaned better than boys. The two types of risk behaviors occurring fell from 22.5% and 26.4% to 15.7% and 19.5% respectively, dropped by 30.2% and 26.1%, among them it dropped the most in junior students. Finally, disease burden of traffic injury dropped by 36.0%, and especially in the outpatient clinics: 36.3% reduction. Conclusion Health promotion and education on tra