小麦结实期叶面施锌对籽粒不同组分锌生物有效性影响.docx

小麦结实期叶面施锌对籽粒不同组分锌生物有效性的影响摘要：土培条件下，以扬麦16号、扬麦13号和扬辐麦2号为供试材料，于花后每隔一周喷施0.2%或0.4% ZnSO4三次，以喷施等量清水为对照，成熟期取样手工脱粒后籽粒并进一步区分为麸皮、次粉和面粉三个组分，测定各组分植酸与锌摩尔比，研究结实期叶面施锌对小麦籽粒及各组分锌生物有效性的影响。主要结果有：（1）对照小麦籽粒麸皮、次粉和面粉植酸平均浓度分别为19.4、5.3和1.8 mg·g-1，最高和最低浓度相差约11倍。锌处理对小麦各组分植酸浓度均无显著影响。（2）对照条件下，供试品种麸皮、次粉和面粉平均植酸与锌摩尔比分别为23.7、24.5和17.3，面粉组分的值明显低于麸皮和次粉。0.2% ZnSO4处理使供试品种麸皮、次粉和面粉组分的植酸与锌摩尔比平均分别下降37%、44%和43%。0.4% ZnSO4处理使对应组分植酸与锌摩尔比平均分别下降54%、58%和54%，均达极显著水平。（3）尽管籽粒各组分植酸浓度以及植酸与锌摩尔比多存在品种间差异，但品种与锌处理间未发现互作效应。本研究结果说明花后叶面施锌使小麦籽粒及各组分植酸与锌摩尔比显著下降，即锌的生物有效性明显增强。关键词：小麦；生物强化；植酸；锌生物有效性The effect of foliar Zn application at grain filling stage on Zn bioavailability in grain fractions of modern winter wheat cultivars Abstract:Winter wheat cultivar Yangmai 16, Yangmai 13 and Yangfumai 2, grown in acement tank filled with clay loam soil, were treated by foliar Zn application at 3 rates of 0 (control), 0.2% and 0.4% ZnSO4 at grain filling stage. The first Zn treatment was applied at 1 week after flowering (WAF), the second and third application were at 2 and 3 WAF, respectively. The plants in control plots received clean water. The results showed without foliar Zn application, phytic acid (PA) concentrations in bran, shorts and flour of wheat grains are19.4, 5.3 and 1.8 mg·g-1, respectively; Phytic acid concentration in bran was 11 times higher than in flour. Zinc application had no significant effect on PA concentration in different grain fractions. The Zn bioavailabity indicator, the molar ratio of phytic acid to Zn (PA/Zn) showed that PA/Zn in flour was lower than that in shorts or bran.Compared with control treatment, 0.2% ZnSO4 foliar application at grain filling stage decreased PA/Zn in bran, shorts and flour by 37%, 44% and 43%, respectively; 0.4% ZnSO4 foliar application at grain filling stage decreased PA/Zn in bran, shorts and flour by 54%, 58% and 54%, respectively. Foliar Zn application after flower improved Zn bioavaliability in different grain fractions through increasing Zn concentration in grains of modern w