技术进步 外包 fdi对工资差距的影响——基于制造业面板数据的实证分析-the impact of technology progress outsourcing fdi on the wage gap an empirical analysis based on manufacturing panel data.docx

ABSTRACTAccording to H-O model and S-S theorem, trade increase the return of abundance factor and decrease the return of rare factor. While developed country rich in skilled labor and developing country rich in unskilled labor, trade would expand wage gap in developed country and shrink wage gap in developing country. Actually since the nineteen eighties, wage gap has been expanded both in developed country and developing country. The expansion of wage gap in developing country usually contributes to skill-biased technological change and outsourcing.Since the reform and opening policy, China has been taking part in international outsourcing deeper and deeper and attracting more and more FDI. Thus necessarily have impact on wage gap. Although reasonable wage gap is the objective requirement and inevitable result of market economy, excessive wage gap would harm labor’s enthusiasm and social equality. A correct understanding of the determinants of wage gap has important practical significance to improve peoples living standard and maintain society stable.Under the model of Feenstra and Hanson (1996), we research the impact of skill-biased technological change, outsourcing and FDI on wage gap with the panel data of China’s manufacturing industry. Results show that:Based on the decomposition of Bernard, wage gap of China was rising caused by skill-biased technological change within sectors. Skill-biased technological change increases the demand of skilled labor and then widens wage gap.Consistence with the forecast of Feenstra and Hanson (1996), the outsourcing from developed country is high technique concentration and increase the demand of skilled labor and then widen wage gap. Compared with low-end technological outsourcing, high-end technological outsourcing has greater impact on wage gap.Technological change and outsourcing are all the determinants of wage gap, and technological change plays a key role. While RD input increasing 1% expands wage gap for 3.53%, outsou