eugene glastone o 39;neill 美国文学史尤金·奥尼尔课件.pptVIP

Eugene O’Neill 尤金· 奥尼尔(1888-1953): “Founder of the American Drama” life NY (1888, hotel) Princeton (1906, expelled after one year) Wandering around (gold digger, seaman) Sanitorium (1912-1913, TB, reading widely) Baker‘s 47A Workshop at Harvard (1914-1915, 第47号戏剧研习班) Provincetown Players (1916,普罗温斯敦剧团) Pulitzer Prize(1920, 1922, 1928, 1957), Nobel Prize (1936) Boston (1953, hotel) 在奥尼尔之前，美国只有剧院；奥尼尔以后，美国才有了戏剧。 Major Plays Three Periods: 1916-1920: Bound East For Cardiff; Beyond the Horizon 《天边外》 1920-1934: The Emperor Jones; Anna Christie; Desire Under the Elms; The Hairy Ape; The Great God Brown; Strange Interlude; Mourning Becomes Electra; Ah, Wilderness! 《安娜·克里斯蒂 》，《啊，荒野!》 1946-1953(the best phase of his writing): The Iceman Cometh (1946); Long Day’s Journey into Night (1956) Pulitzer Prize Nobel Prize Features of O’Neill’s Plays Thematic Features (naturalism): depicting people who have no hope of controlling their destinies dealing with the basic issues of human existence and predicament: life and death, illusion and disillusion, communication and alienation, dream and reality, self and society, etc. The Hairy Ape Yank Smith, a brutish stoker on a transatlantic liner, bullies and despises everyone around him, considering himself superior. He is devastated when a millionaire’s daughter is repulsed by his simian ways, and he vows to get even with her. Ashore in New York, Yank schemes to destroy the factory owned by the woman’s father, but his plans fail. Yank wanders into a zoo. There, feeling alienated from humanity, he releases an ape (for whom he feels some kinship), and the ape kills him. Analysis “The gorilla lets the crushed body slip to the floor; stands over it uncertainly, considering; then picks it up, throws it in the cage, shuts the door…” Theme: the helplessness and impotence of modern man trying to seek an identity Features of O’Neill’s Plays Stylistic features * tragic structure: dream—dou