语法复习之名词资料.pptVIP

语法专题复习一：名词 名词的定义：名词是用来表示人，事物，地点，现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。名词 在句中可以作主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语，状语，同位语和呼语等。 考点：名词的数（主谓一致），名词的所有格，名词辨义 名词的数----可数名词 把下例名词变成复数形式 1.stomach 2.boy toy monkey 3.roof gulf chief belief cliff safe proof serf handkerchief 4.radio photo piano studio zoo bamboo video kangaroo kilo memo negro hero potato tomato zero volcano 5.German three ______(UFO) two ______(A)/(I)/(M) four ______(6)/(a) foot tooth man woman mouse child ox goose medium basis analysis 单复数相同的词 sheep deer aircraft fish cattle works Chinese Swiss Japanese 只有复数形式的名词 在短语中只用复数形式 do exercises take turns take notes make repairs in high spirits as follows hurt one’s feelings in rags in dozens change trains make friends with shake hands with 有些短语单复数都可以 make faces/a face play jokes/a joke on sb play tricks/a trick on sb have talks/a talk with 复合名词复数的构成 不可数名词 常见的不可数名词： bread milk rubber oil homework work music progress advice luggage luck practice weather equipment furniture beer cloth cotton fur ice paint paper soil education; love; policy; trust; nature; fashion; relief; silence; truth, health etc … 不可数名词如果具体化了就可以加a/an或用复数： success--- a success 有些既可以是可数也可以不可数但是意思不一样：room—a room ,glass—a glass, chicken—a chicken, word– a word 有些不可数名词以复数形式出现表示不同种类：foods, fruits silks, metals, fertilizers ,teas 不可数名词表示数量、个数 a great deal of a great good many a large number of plenty of a large quantity of large quantities of a large amount of a mass of /masses of 有些名词的单复数形式具有不同的意义 advice arm cloth compass custom glass good green manner paper sand time wood work water snow rain 名词的格 所有格的形式： 一般的名词所有格在后面加 ’s，如： Mary’s book 以 –s 结尾的复数名词所有格在后面仅加 ’，如： Teachers’ Day, the students’ reading-room 以 –s 结尾的单数名词所有格，如： my boss’/boss’s computer 双重所有格 A friend of her mother’s A friend of her mother A picture of his brother’s A picture of his brother 起修饰作用的名词，如不表示所有关系，通常不加’s room number Coffee cup Shoe factory Apple tree * 专有名词(Proper Nouns) 普通名词 (Common Nouns) 个体名词(Individual No