抗嗜水气单胞菌解淀粉芽孢杆菌的抗菌机理分析及其微胶囊制剂的安全性评价-antibacterial mechanism analysis of bacillus amyloliquefaciens against aeromonas hydrophila and safety evaluation of microcapsule preparation.docxVIP

上海海 上海海洋大学博士学位论文 - - PAGE 3 - 粉芽孢杆菌微胶囊在终浓度为 0.2 mg/L~2000 mg/L 时对小球藻生长具有促进作用， 对小球藻的半数抑制浓度大于 2000 mg/L，而且其对大型蚤、斑马鱼和草鱼的半数 致死浓度也大于 2000 mg/L（或 mg/Kg 体重）。此外，在养殖水体中加入解淀粉芽 孢杆菌微胶囊至终浓度为 0.2 mg/L~2000 mg/L 后 14 天内，各浓度组的氨氮含量、 硫化物和 pH 值均缓慢下降，仅亚硝酸盐氮含量稍微升高后逐渐缓慢降低，但这些 理化因子的变化与解淀粉芽孢杆菌微胶囊的加入量呈负相关关系。因此，解淀粉 芽孢杆菌微胶囊实际无毒，对养殖水中氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硫化物和 pH 等理化因 子的影响均控制在虾虎鱼仔鱼、黄颡鱼、白斑狗鱼、克氏原螯虾等水产养殖动物 的安全浓度范围内，为其在水产养殖中的安全应用提供了重要的科学依据。 综上所述，本研究证实了解淀粉芽孢杆菌在嗜水气单胞菌引起的草鱼细菌性 败血症防控中的潜在价值，丰富了解淀粉芽孢杆菌的抗菌机理研究，弥补了水产 用解淀粉芽孢杆菌新型制剂创制及其应用安全性评价研究的不足，对我国水产微 生态制剂的研发与安全应用体系的建立具有重要的借鉴意义。 关键词 解淀粉芽孢杆菌，嗜水气单胞菌，抗菌机理，微胶囊，安全性评价 Antibacterial Mechanism Study on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Antagonistic against Aeromonas hydrophila and Safety Evaluation on Its Microcapsules ABSTRACT The wide use of antibiotics has caused the serious drug resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila, which in turn makes it difficult to effectively control fish aeromonasis. Thus, it is extremely urgent to develop the substitutes to antibiotics. Bacillus species are widely distributed in nature and have high stress tolerance as a result of their HYPERLINK /wiki/Endospore endospore production. They are reported to exhibit the ability to control fish diseases, promote fish growth, and have the merits of no side effects, no residues, no drug resistance and free of pollution. Therefore, they are considered to be ideal substitutes for antimicrobials and have tremendous applicable value. In this study, a potential strain G1 of B. amyloliquefaciens against A. hydrophila was isolated, its inhibitory effect on A. hydrophila, as well as control efficacy on grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) aeromonasis, was determined. On this basis, its antibacterial mechanism was explored using comparative proteomics and antibiotics-related genes’ analysis. In addition, the laboratory production process technique of its microcapsules was optimized, its microcapsules’ acid resistance, alkali tolerance and safety to the aquaculture environment were further evaluated. The results of this