组织学和 与胚胎学课件神经及周围系统总论.pptVIP

The Nervous System Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University 雷留根 Divisions Central nervous system (CNS) Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Central nervous system (CNS) Brain 脑 Telencephalon 端脑 Diencephalon 间脑 Cerebellum 小脑 Brain stem 脑干 Midbrain 中脑 Pons 脑桥 Medulla oblongata 延髓 Spinal cord 脊髓 Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Cranial n. (12 pairs) 脑神经 Spinal n. (31 pairs) 脊神经 Visceral n. 内脏神经 Visceral sensory n. Visceral motor n Sympathetic part 交感神经 Parasympathetic part 副交感神经  Structural classification Bipolar neuron 双极神经元 has an axon and a dendrite Pseudounipolar neuron 假单极神经元 has a central branch and a peripheral branch Multipolar neuron多极神经元has an axon and two or more dendrites Functional classification Sensory (efferent) neuron 感觉神经元 Motor (afferent) neuron 运动神经元 Association neuron 联络神经元 structure LM（光镜下） Silver Stain Nissl Stain EM电镜下的胞体 Protein Synthesis 　蛋白质合成 Energy Metabolism 　能量代谢 Axoplasmic Flow 　轴浆运输 Phagocytosis 　吞噬作用 Nerve fibre Axons 轴突 Myelin 髓鞘 Endoneurium 神经内膜 Synapses Synapse is a specialized area connected between neuron and neuron or neuron and effector Structures of the Synapse Classification of the Synapse Transmission Pattern Chemical Electric Neuroglia Macroglia　大胶质细胞 astrocyte　星行胶质 schwanncell　施万细胞 oligodendrocyte　少突胶质 Microglia　小胶质细胞 室管膜细胞