两软一硬薄煤层小煤柱护巷技术的分析与应用-analysis and application of small coal pillar roadway protection technology in two soft - hard thin coal seams.docxVIP
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两软一硬薄煤层小煤柱护巷技术的分析与应用-analysis and application of small coal pillar roadway protection technology in two soft - hard thin coal seams
摘要本文以邱集煤矿为工程背景,针对巷道围岩“两软一硬”(顶底板软、煤层硬)薄煤层的特点,以及开采过程中巷道变形严重的现象,着重对沿空掘巷小煤柱尺寸及支护技术进行研究,以便摸清该条件下的巷道围岩应力分布与变形规律,从而解决沿空巷道受二次采动影响产生破坏的问题,确保回采工作的安全高效。本文在多次深入现场,广泛调研的基础上,对试验区段地质条件进行了深入分析。利用岩体力学知识对沿空掘巷顶板和护巷小煤柱稳定性进行了分析,研究了沿空掘巷上覆岩层运动规律、煤柱内的应力分布特征。即随着工作面推进倾斜方向支承压力分布逐渐向煤体深处转移,峰值逐渐降低,影响范围扩大;巷道围岩一直保持较大的速度持续变形,巷道的压力主要来自小煤柱一侧。计算出护巷小煤柱宽度的理论值4.21m;提出了软顶底巷道支护的原则和方法。利用FLAC3D数值模拟软件,对不同煤柱宽度条件下的沿空掘巷模型进行了数值模拟,分析了沿空巷道两侧支承压力分布规律,围岩剪应力分布规律,不同煤柱宽度下沿空巷道围岩变形与破坏规律。护巷煤柱宽度为4~5m时,巷道正处于上区段采空区残余支承压力降低区,从而得出了护巷小煤柱宽度的范围为4~5m。在理论分析和数值模拟研究的基础上,通过观测相邻工作面7603巷道煤体应力,得到了侧向支承压力分布规律。根据支承压力的峰值位置,最终确定7601工作面沿空掘巷巷道位置应在距采空侧4~6m范围及护巷煤柱宽度4~5m。上述研究成果应用于7601工作面,并对支护参数进行了评价,取得了显著的经济技术效果。关键词:两软一硬薄煤层;沿空掘巷;小煤柱护巷;数值模拟;围岩控制ABSTRACTThisthesissettheengineeringbackgroundofQiujicoalmine,accordingtothecharacteristicsofroadwaysurroundingrockwithsoftroof,softfloorandhardcoal,aswellastheproblemofseriousdeformationwhendriving,focusedontheroadwaydrivingalonggoafminingtechnologyresearch,inordertofindoutroadwaysurroundingrockstressdistributionandmovementrulesinthisgeologicalconditions,solvedtheproblemofdamagetwicetoensureextractionsafetyandefficiency.Basedonsiteinvestigationandfieldresearch,thisthesisanalysedthoroughlystudyongeologicalconditionsofthetestsection.Thisthesisanalysedroofofroadwaygoafandsupportcoalpillarstabilitymechanically;reachedaconclusionofroofmovementrules,stressdistributionofcoalpillar.Withtheworkingfaceadvancing,abutmentpressuredistributiongraduallytransferedtodeepcoal,peakgraduallyreduced,influencescopeexpanded.Thesurroundingrockhadmaintainedfastforlargedeformation,thepressureofmainlycomefromsmallsidepillar;cometoaconclusionwhichwidthofcoalpillaris4.21mintheory,putforwardsupportingmethodandprinciplesinthisconditions.ByusingnumericalsimulationsoftwareFLAC3D,thisthesiscalculatedandsimulatedthemodelofroaddrivingalongnextgoaf,abutmentpressuredistributionofcoalpillarandcutstressofsurroundingrockindifferentcoalpillarwidth,analysedthelawofroadwayalonggobdeformationandfailure.Whencoalpillarwidthrangedfrom4to5m,roadwaywasundert
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