(康复医学)运动疗法宣讲培训.pptVIP

* * 运动疗法 Kinesiotherapy P106 掌握 理论0.5学时 运动疗法的基本概念、疗法特点、应用原则及它在康复中的作用。 What is Kinesiotherapy? 运动疗法是根据伤病的特点，采取体育运动的手段或机体功能练习的方法，以达到伤病的预防、治疗及康复的目的。 Kinesiotherapy utilizes kinesiology, the science of human movement, to design and implement therapeutic exercise programs for individuals ? with musculoskeletal injuries and/or neuromuscular disorders. 运动疗法kinesitherapy /exercise effects作用： to prevent and improve the disable or handicap 预防和治疗功能障碍 1.提高中枢神经系统和植物神经系统的调节(regulate)能力 2.提高代谢(metabolism)能力，改善心肺功能 3.维持和恢复运动器官的shape和function 4.促进compensation mechanism(代偿机制)的formation(形成)和发展 Kinesiotherapy is defined as the application of scientifically based exercise principles adapted to enhance the strength, endurance, and mobility of individuals with functional limitations or those requiring extended physical conditioning. 运 动 疗 法kinesiotherapy exercise 软组织牵伸技术stretching 拉长挛缩或缩短软组织的治疗方法。 增加伸展性、降低肌张力、增加关节活动范围 手法牵伸 自我牵伸 器械辅助下牵伸 要点： 时间、放松 临床应用：颈腰痛、外伤后 腰背肌的牵伸、膝后肌及跟腱的牵伸、运动前预备活动 Stretching?—?Stretching and flexibility exercises should include every major joint (hip, back, shoulder, knee, upper trunk, neck). It is best not to stretch cold muscles, so engage in a few minutes of low intensity aerobic exercise first. Movement into a stretch should be slow, and the stretch itself should be held for approximately 10 to 30 seconds. Do not bounce while beginning or performing a stretch. Each exercise should be performed several times. Stretch and yoga classes are also a good way to remain flexible. The stretch should not cause pain, but only mild discomfort. 运 动 疗 法kinesiotherapy exercise 2.肌力训练技术 方法： 肌肉收缩方式----等长isometric 、等张isotonic 是否施加阻力-----抗阻（resistive training） 等张（concentric/eccentric） 等长isometric 等速(isokinetic exercise) ------非抗阻 肌力大小选择方法 0-1级：神经肌肉电刺激 1-2级：助力运动 3级：主动运动 4级：主动，抗阻 Resistance training? R