软件项目管理（英文版上）Software Project Management.ppt

Considering the Activity Duration Estimates Inputs Resource requirements Activity durations may change based on the number of resources assigned to the activity. For example, Task A may take eight hours with one person assigned to the work, but Task A may be completed in four hours with two team members assigned. Some activities will take the same amount of time regardless of how many resources are assigned. Project managers must also take care not to overload resources in an effort to complete a task; too many resources can be counterproductive. Considering the Activity Duration Estimates Inputs Effort vs. duration Effort is the amount of labor that is applied to a task. Duration is how long the task is expected to take with the given amount of labor. If the effort is increased by adding more labor to the task (in this instance, more people), then the duration of the task is decreased. Some activities, however, have a fixed duration and are not affected by the amount of labor assigned to the task. Considering the Activity Duration Estimates Inputs Resource capabilities - The abilities of the project team members must be taken into consideration. Material resources are also considered to influence activity time. Considering the Activity Duration Estimates Inputs Historical information can come from project files of other projects within the organization. ■ Commercial duration estimating databases can offer information on how long industry-specific activities should take. These databases should take into consideration the materials, the experience of the resources, and define the assumptions the predicted work duration is based upon. ■ Project team members may recollect information regarding the expected duration of activities. While these inputs are valuable, they are generally less valuable than documented sources such as other project files or the commercial databases. Considering the Activity Duration Estimates Inputs Historical information can come fr