不同竞技能力体操运动员非衡结构补偿研究.docVIP

不同竞技能力体操运动员非衡结构补偿研究 　　摘 要: 采用专家访谈法、问卷调查法、文献资料法和观察法,对不同优势能力类型体操运动 员的非衡结构补偿问题进行了研究。研究结果表明:1) 明确体操各单项竞技能力要素的功 能大小是实施非衡结构补偿的必要前提。教练员应着眼于体操各单项运动技术与专项力量的 协调,同时兼顾运动员柔韧素质的发展与形态指标的动态变化,突出对运动员翻转能力的培 养,有针对性地对不同优势能力类型的体操运动员实施非衡结构补偿;2) 以体操运动员上 、下肢部位的力量优势能力为主线,并结合形态和柔韧素质的发展状况,对不同优势能力类 型体操运动员实施非衡结构补偿至关重要。 　　关键词:体操运动员;优势能力;非衡结构补偿 　　中图分类号:G832.2文献标识码:A文章编号 :1007-3612(2010)03-0133-03 　　Discussion on the Issues of Compensations of Unbalanced Structur e Applied to the Gymnastics Athletes of ?Different Competitive Abilities 　　CAO Yong?zhen 　　(Institute of Physical Education, East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 33001 3,Jiangxi China) 　　Abstract: The issues of compensations of unbalanced structure applied to the gymnastics at hletes of different types of over?developed competitive abilities arestudied by adopting specialists visiting, questionnaire investigation, bibliogra phy, and video observation. Results show: 1) ascertaining the magnitude of funct ions of gymnastics individual event in competitive abilities’ determinants is a n necessary precondition in the efficient application of Compensations of Unbala nced Structure. Coaches should be with a view to the coordination of sports tech niques of gymnastics individual event, giving attention to two or more things co ncerning the development of flexibility and the dynamic changes of figure, and e mphasizing the cultivation of ability of tumbling and rotation in the applicatio n to the gymnastics athletes of different types of over?developed competitive a bilities with pertinence; 2) regarding the advantageous abilities of the strengt h in upper limbs and lower limbs as main parts, and linking the developments offigure and flexibility abilities together are very important in implementing com pensations of unbalanced structure. 　　Key words: gymnastics athlete; advantageous ability; compensation of unb alanced structure 　　 　　与日本训练学专家根本勇提出的“木桶模型”不同,竞技能力非衡结构补偿的“积木 模型”注重运动员优势能力(运动员的优势能力是指竞技能力结构中对系统功能所起作用大 且高度发展的素质或能力)的发挥,即通过增强竞