恒功率运动性疲劳生理生化指标.docVIP

恒功率运动性疲劳生理生化指标 　　摘要:比较恒功率不同阻力下运动性疲劳的生理、生化特点,探寻恒功率不同阻力下运动性疲劳的发生和恢复规律。选取15名健康男生,用功率自行车进行5次300 W恒功率运动测试,每次测试采用不同运动阻力,运动后即刻记录运动时间,测试心率、血压、血红蛋白(Hb)、血尿素(BU)以及血液肌酸激酶(CK),次日晨再次测试Hb、BU、CK。结果表明:在预定功率的恒功率运动中,阻力过低或过大都不利于延长运动时间,适宜的阻力才可以维持较长的运动时间;工作肌收缩频率增加易导致心率增加和血红蛋白损伤,工作肌收缩阻力增加易导致血压升高和BU、CK恢复减慢。 　　关键词:运动生理学;运动生物化学;恒功率;运动性疲劳 　　中图分类号:G804.7文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-7116(2009)08-0105-04 　　 　　Characteristic study on physiological and biochemical indexes of 　　isopower cycling-induced fatigue 　　JIANG Bing-xian,ZHOU Jian-sheng 　　(Department of Physical Education,Hengyang Normal University,Hengyang 421008,China) 　　 　　Abstract: To analyze physiological and biochemical character after isopower cycling, and to look for the law of emergency and recovery of isopower cycling-induced fatigue. Methods: 15 male students were subjected to 5 cycling tests with isopower 300W and different resistance. Duration, heart rate and blood pressure were documented immediately after every test, hemoglobin (Hb), bloody urine (BU) and creatine kinase (CK) were detected immediately after exercise and the next morning. Results and conclusion: In emergency and recovery of isopower cycling-induced fatigue, the contractive frequency of working muscle is in contrast to the contractive force. The increase of contractive frequency of working muscle is prone to induce increase in heart rate and injury of hemoglobin, the increase of contractive force of working muscle is prone to induce increase in blood pressure and delay of BU and CK recovery. 　　Key words: exercise physiology;exercise biochemistry;isopower;exercise-induced fatigue 　　 　　研究表明,衰老骨骼肌输出功率的下降比力量下降快,通过运动维持老年人骨骼肌的输出功率比维持肌力更重要[1]。Metter等[2]也有类似的发现,衰老过程中肌肉输出功率比肌力下降快,肌肉输出功率随着衰老下降的部分特征在肌肉萎缩时也发生。原因在于:II型肌纤维比I型肌纤维有较高的功率输出能力,而且II型肌纤维随衰老萎缩较快[2]。骨骼肌的输出功率是其收缩速度与收缩力(或运动时骨骼肌所受阻力)的乘积(P=F#8226;v,希尔方程)。因此,功率是综合评价肌肉收缩速度和肌力的重要指标[3]。理想状态是最大肌力时发挥最大收缩速度,输出最大功率;但由希尔方程可知,骨骼肌的收缩速度与其收缩力是成反比的,骨骼肌只在特定的收缩速度和收缩力下才可能发挥最大功率。适宜的运动强度是身体锻炼、体育教学与科学训练的最基本原则。因此,执行运动方案时必须在收缩速度和收缩力之间做出一种适宜的