基于约束理论的多生产线计划排程系统的分析和应用-analysis and application of multi-line planning and scheduling system based on constraint theory.docxVIP

基于约束理论的多生产线计划排程系统的研究和应用摘要生产管理系统是制造业中最为复杂的系统之一，计划与排程是其重点 与难点。几乎所有的 ERP 系统都把 MRP 作为其生产安排与资源计划的 核心模块。实现 MRP 的关键技术就是物料清单 BOM（Bill of Material）， 按照产品 BOM 展开和工艺流程逐级推演，得到在一般平稳生产条件下 可以应用的主生产计划（MPS）。但是目前的 MRP 排程算法是基于无限 生产能力基础上的，很难做到完全意义上的可行。因此本文以家电行业 为背景，以计划排程为研究对象，对 MRP 排程算法进行优化为主要内容， 结合数学及信息技术方法，提出了基于约束理论的多生产线计划排程的 模型。第一、首先对约束理论和计划排程理论进行了分析和总结。分析了约 束理论的应用，计划排程的特点、问题，对排程问题求解的方法等内容 进行了总结。同时对 APS 与 ERP 的关系进行了比较。这些作为本文的理 论基础。第二、对基于 ERP 的计划排程系统建立模型，采用共享数据模式， 使计划排程系统作为生产模块的一部分，有机地融入 ERP 系统中，优化 ERP 标准生产计划流程。第三、对 APS 的优化技术进行了研究，提出基于约束理论的启发式 算法，采用推拉相结合的排程方法来提高准时交货率和库存周转率，并根据企业是否有明显的淡季、旺季提出 Z 型排程和 N 型排程方法。第四、以 ERP 为平台，用 form build，pl/sql 开发并实现了基于约束 理论的多生产线计划排程系统。并通过实例来分析该系统的可行性和有效性。关键词 约束理论，计划排程，启发式RESEARCH AND IMPLEMENTATION ON MULTI-LINES SCHEDULING SYSTEM BASED ON THEORY OF CONSTRAINTSABSTRACTProduction management is one of the most complex information systems in manufacture, the key point of which is planning and scheduling. Almost all ERP systems take MRP as core module of its production and resources plan. The key technology of MRP is BOM (bill of material). In accordance with the BOM and process, the products are deducted zone-by-zone to get MPS in general and stable production conditions. However, the current MRP scheduling algorithm is based on an unlimited production capacity; it is difficult to achieve full sense of the feasibility. This thesis will focus on methods of planning as well as optimization, and then establish an effective planning and scheduling system in appliance industry, armed with algorithms and the prevalent information techniques.First of all, this thesis analyses and summarizes the planning and scheduling theory. The thesis analyses the application of constraints theory, the characteristics and problems of production scheduling, summarizes the algorithm of production scheduling and so on. At the same time, the relationship of ERP and APS is compared. All of these are the theoretic basis of this thesis.Secondly, building a plan and scheduling system mod