具有力感知功能的六足机器人及其崎岖地形步行控制分析-analysis of hexapod robot with force sensing function and its walking control in rugged terrain.docxVIP
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具有力感知功能的六足机器人及其崎岖地形步行控制分析-analysis of hexapod robot with force sensing function and its walking control in rugged terrain
能够集成于小型足式机器人胫节、维间非耦合、意外过载保护和一体化设计等特点。其次,通过对足端力传感器测量空间的变换,满足机器人任意姿态下不同工作空间 的足端力测量需求。再次,为了提高腿部运动状态转换过程中步行的稳定性,提出 了基于事件的腿部状态控制器。采用基于阻抗模型的足端柔顺力控制策略,来减小 腿部状态过渡过程的碰撞冲击、以及提高足端力跟踪性能,并且采用自适应方法实 现对地形刚度的估计,以及非线性增益补偿策略实现目标阻尼的自适应调节。六足机器人为浮动基机构(FBM,Floating-based Mechanism),其位姿不仅由 多条支撑腿的构型共同决定,也受到地形因素的影响。因此,位姿控制的目的是使 机器人在复杂的崎岖地形步行过程中保持良好的稳定性和灵活性,并且能够适应更 广泛的地形。首先,对六足机器人的初始位姿进行规划,规范了常规步行的基准位 姿。其次,通过设计足端层位置辨识(LIT)方法,使机器人能够自主的区分轻度 和重度崎岖地形。再次,为了实现轻度崎岖地形的位姿保持策略以及重度崎岖地形 的位姿调整策略,从而提高机器人崎岖地形步行的适应性,设计基于 VSDM 模型的 双环积分滑膜控制器来执行对位姿的控制,并且通过设计基于足力分配的重心位置 调整方法来提高步行的稳定性。通过四组典型实验,对本文方法和理论的有效性及机器人 HITCR 的功能性进行 综合分析和验证。首先,通过不同步态和运动模式的比较,对基本运动的稳定性进 行验证,并且对行程误差进行评价;其次,通过爬坡实验来验证机器人斜坡地形的 步行能力,以及基于足端力的重心位置调整策略的有效性;再次,通过楼梯攀爬实 验来验证机器人离散渐变地形的步行能力,以及重度崎岖地形位姿调整策略的有效 性;最后,设计了复杂地形全方位运动实验,既对机器人的全方位运动能力进行验 证,又分析了基于事件的腿部状态变换过程稳定控制策对运动平稳性的影响。关键词:六足机器人,崎岖地形,全方位运动,腿部力控制,位姿控制II -AbstractMobile manipulator has both mobile and operational capacity, and has larger operating space and better operational flexibility. It is a research focus in the robot with the increasingly rapid step of human exploration of nature, the demand for robots with autonomous mobility under complex environment has been getting broader and deeper in more and more application areas. Legged robot offers more superior performance of dealing with complicated terrain conditions than that provided by wheeled robot and therefore has been given great concern. The hexapod robot which is typically multi-legged is characterized by its climbing capability and fault-tolerance for walking on unstructured terrain. It is particularly suitable for tasks in complex environment where high reliability is essential. Thus the development of a hexapod robot capable of walking on unstructured terrain is of practical importance. In this paper, a novel hexapod robot HITCR suitable for walking on unstructured terrain is proposed, and also some advanced control strategy will be integrated to improve the ability of the robot.To improve the adaptation ability of hexapod robot,
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