相变热传导题目的数值解及应用.pdfVIP

摘 要 相变热传导问题一般很难获得解析解，只能通过数值方法求解。本文用伴有相 变问题的一维热传导方程的有限差分法模拟一维冻土温度场，分析未冻水对冻土热 状况数值模拟的影响；用伴有相变的二维热传导方程的有限单元法模拟二维冻土温 度场，分析保温材料对寒区冻土路基的作用。 本文共分为三部分。第一部分简单介绍了相变热传导问题数值求解方法的发展 过程；第二部分以Alaska北极美国Barrow气象观测站的地温观测资料和土壤热物 理参数为基础，以伴有相变问题的一维热传导方程的有限差分法为工具，分考虑未 冻水和忽略未冻水两种情形模拟了Barrow地区0.29，0.50和1.0m 深处的地温值， 并与观测值进行了比较。计算结果表明，未冻水对冻土热状况数值模拟的结果具有 重要影响。第三部分以青藏高原风火山地区观测资料和土壤热物理参数为基础，以 伴有相变的二维热传导方程的有限单元法为工具，模拟了路基中不含保温层和含保 温层且埋深分别为0.5,1.0及1.5m条件下青藏高原风火山地区冻土路基的热状况， 并比较修筑道路后第15年路基中心孔在四种条件下的温度场和第15年10月30日 在四种条件下的温度场。计算结果表明，EPS 保温材料对多年冻土的有很好的保护 作用，而且埋得越浅效果越好。 关键词：未冻水；相变热传导；冻土；有限差分法；有限元法 Abstract It is difficult to obtain analytical solutions for many heat transfer models with phase change. Most of them have to be solved by using numerical methods. In this paper, the finite difference method for phase change is applied to simulate the permafrost temperatures of one-dimensional model, and analyze the influence of unfrozen water on the numerical simulation results of permafrost thermal regime. What’s more, the finite element method for phase change is applied to simulate the permafrost temperatures of two-dimensional model, and analyze the thermal regime of roadbed with and without insulation. This paper is divided into three parts ．In the first part ，the development of numerical theory are introduced simply ．In the second part ，it is studied to the theory and application of one-dimensional finite difference model for phase change problems. Based on the observed ground temperature data and the soil thermal and physical properties derived from Barrow, Alaska, the ground temperatures at depths of 0.29, 0.50 an