高中外研版英语必修一教学案：Module 4 Section Ⅲ Grammar — 现在完成时(含答案).docVIP

Section_ⅢGrammar — 现在完成时 　　　　　　 语法图解 探究发现 ①It’s been six years since we last saw each other, you know. ②And this is the first time I’ve visited your hometown. ③I’ve seen quite a lot of China and I’ve visited some beautiful cities. ④But this is one of the most attractive places I’ve been to. ⑤They’ve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. ⑥My wife’s just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there. ⑦Xiao Li has lived in Xiamen all his life. ⑧The family have lived in the town for twenty years. ⑨Up to now, I’ve understood everything the teacher said. ⑩He has gone to the Great Wall. [我的发现] (1)现在完成时的构成是：have/has＋过去分词。 (2)由例句①可知，现在完成时可与 since 引导的时间状语从句连用。 (3)由例句⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨可知，现在完成时可与时间状语recently,_just, all his life, for_twenty_years,_up_to_now 连用。 (4)由例句④⑩可知，have/has_been_to 表示“曾经去过(某地)”；have/has_gone_to 表示“已经去了(某地)，去而未归”。 一、现在完成时的基本概念 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，强调过去的动作对现在的影响。现在完成时与现在有关，属于现在时态。 二、现在完成时的构成 肯定句 主语＋have/has＋过去分词．.. 否定句 主语＋have/has not＋过去分词．.. 疑问句 Have/Has＋主语＋过去分词．..？ 被动句 主语＋have/has been＋过去分词．.. [即时演练1]　按要求改写句子 They have built another hospital in the area. →They haven’t_built another hospital in the area.(否定句) →Have_they_built another hospital in the area？(疑问句)　 →Another hospital has_been_built by them in the area.(被动句) 三、现在完成时的基本用法 1．“完成用法”：表示动作在说话时已经完成(可不指出动作发生的确切时间)，但对现在产生某种后果或影响。常与ever, recently, before, so far, up to now, till now, in the past years, these days等时间状语连用。 Tom has made much progress in his learning of Chinese.　 汤姆在汉语学习方面取得了很大的进步。 Have you ever been to the West Lake? 你曾经去过西湖吗？ 2．“未完成用法”：表示动作发生在过去，并且一直持续到现在，甚至还可能继续下去，这时常和“since＋点时间状语(名词、短语、从句)”或“for＋段时间状语”连用。 We have lived here since 1994. 自1994年以来我们一直住在这里。 I have taught in this school for 30 years. 我在这所学校任教了30年。 3．在条件、时间状语从句中表示将来完成的动作。 I won’t believe it until I have seen it with my own eyes. 直到我亲眼见到才相信。 He will come as soon as he has finished his work. 他一做完工作就会来。 [即时演练2] (1)选词填空：for, since ①My aunt has worked in Australia for 15 years. ②Margaret is in her office. She has been there sin