生理学双语课件循环.ppt

When A-V block occurs-that is, when the cardiac impulse fails to pass from the atria into the ventricles ,and fails to continue to beat at the normal rate of rhythm of the sinus node, a new pacemaker develops in the Purkinje system of the ventricles and drives the ventricular muscle at a new rate somewhere between 15 and 40 beats per minute. After sudden A-V bundle block, the Purkinje system does not begin to emit its intrinsic rhythmical impulses until 5 to 20 seconds later because, before the blockage, the Purkinje fibers had been over-driven by the rapid sinus impulses and, consequently, are in a suppressed state. During these 5 to 20 seconds, the ventricles fail to pump blood, and the person faints after the first 4 to 5 seconds because of lack of blood flow to the brain. If the delay period is too long, it can lead to death. 二、心肌的传导性 530.6 （一）心脏内兴奋的传播途径 结间束 房室结 Action potentials originating in the sinus node travel outward into these atrial muscle fibers. In this way, the action potential spreads through the entire atrial muscle mass and, eventually, to the A-V node m/s 心房肌 优势通路 结区 左右束支 蒲肯野纤维 心室肌 房室交界兴奋传导慢（0.1秒),称为房室延搁,使房室舒缩有序,意义重大。 房室交界兴奋传导慢，易发生传导阻滞。 The velocity of con-duction is somewhat more rapid in several small bundles of atrial muscle fibers, (about 1 m/sec). Atrioventricular Node, and Delay of Impulse Conduction from the Atria to the Ventricles The conductive system is organized so that the cardiac impulse does not travel from the atria into the ventricles too rapidly; this delay allows time for the atria to empty their blood into the ventricles before ventricular contrac-tion begins. It is primarily the A - V node and its adjacent conductive fibers that delay this transmission of the car-diac impulse from the atria into the ventricles. Atrioventricular Node, and Delay of Impulse Conduction from the Atria to the Ventricles The conductive system is organized so that the cardiac impulse does not travel from the atria into the ventricles too rapidly;