高分子材料和应用 Chapter 4 Thermosets.ppt

Crosslinking – bonding of 2nd styrene New bond Free radical Crosslinking– bonding with 2nd polymer Up to 8 styrenes might be needed in the bridge New bond Crosslinking– bonding with 2nd polymer Etc. Crosslinking– more styrene Crosslinking– more styrene Crosslinking–bonding to 3rd polymer Laminating Resins Additives to Thermoset Polyesters Fillers like Calcium Carbonate Tougheners like rubbers Antioxidants and UV stabilizers Reinforcements * One definition of resin is “any class of solid, semi-solid, or liquid organic material, generally the product of natural or synthetic origin with a high molecular weight and with no melting point.” The ten basic thermosetting resins all possess a commonality in that they will, upon exposure to elevated temperature from ambient to upwards of 232°C/450°F, undergo an irreversible chemical reaction often referred to as polymerization or cure. Each family member has its own set of individual chemical characteristics based upon their molecular makeup and their ability to either homopolymerize, copolymerize, or both. This transformation process represents the line of demarcation separating the thermosets from the thermoplastic polymers. Crystalline thermoplastic polymers are capable of a degree of crystalline cross-linking but there is little, if any, of the chemical cross-linking that occurs during the thermosetting reaction. The important beneficial factor here lies in the inherent enhancement of thermoset resins in their physical, electrical, thermal, and chemical properties due to that chemical cross-linking polymerization reaction which, in turn, also contributes to their ability to maintain and retain these enhanced properties when exposed to severe environmental conditions. A thermoset plastic is a polymeric material that can be formed by application of heat and pressure, but can not be reformed upon further applications of heat and pressure. A thermoset is like a cooked egg and can not be re-melted and reshaped into another