中英信息结构对比与翻译.docVIP

中英信息结构对比与翻译 　　摘要：译者做到源语和目标语形式上的对等是很难的，但意义上的对等是必须的。因此， 翻译就是不同语言形式的转换，目的是通过不同语言介质表达相同的信息。本文旨在通过中英文信息结构的对比对两者的翻译提供借鉴。 　　关键词：信息结构；中英文；翻译 　　Abstract: As a translator, to maintain equivalence in form of the target language and the original language is quiet difficult, but it is essential to keep equivalence in meaning. Therefore, translation is a transformation between different forms of language, and the purpose is to convey the same information via different language carrier. This paper aims to benefit the translation between Chinese and English by making comparison of the information structure of these two. 　　Key words: information structure; English and Chinese; translation 　　Comparison and Translation of Information Structure between English and Chinese 　　Ⅰ. Overview of information structure 　　The representative of Prague school, Mathesius and Firbas viewed that language is a functional system which aims to convey information and achieve the communicative function. The sentence is constructed in the order of given information + new information. Given information is theme, and new information is rheme. On the base of the information structure of Prague school, Halliday proposed a more detailed description to the concept of theme and rheme. He holds that theme is what is known or at least obvious in a given situation. Rheme is what is said about it, and it is usually the new information. 　　Ⅱ. Differences of information structure between English and Chinese 　　Because of the impact of thinking mode, English and Chinese have the following differences when expressing the same content: 　　1. Subject and topic 　　About 1970s, Western scholars C.N. Li and S.A .Thompson concluded English is sort of subject-prominent language, and the sentence structure is the subject-predicate structure, hence the theme is usually the subject; while Chinese is a topic-prominent language, and the construction of sentence is usually the mode of topic-comment, thus the main topic is bas