主语-主谓不合2[教学].pptVIP

主谓一致 ;主谓一致的定义 英语句子中，主语的“人称”和“数”要限制、决定谓语动词的形式变化，这就叫“主谓一致”关系。它通常依据三项原则：1）语法一致； 2）意义一致； 3）就近一致。; ; ;e.g. ①The work is important . 这项工作重要。②To serve the country is our duty . 为祖国服务是我们的义务。③How and why he left was a sad story . 他离开的经过和原因是一段伤心的经历。; ;III. 以“and ”或“both… and”连接的并列主语：1.通常作复数用 。e.g.①Plastics and rubber never rot . 塑料和橡胶从不腐烂。②What he says and what he does do not agree. 他言行不一致。③Both Tom and I are fond of medicine. 我和汤姆都喜欢医学。; ;3. “and”前、后的单数词语都有“each,every ,many ,a ,no”等修饰时，仍作单数用。e.g.①Every boy and every girl enjoys equal rights here.这里每个男孩和每个女孩都享有平等权益。②No teacher and no student is excused from taking part in the activity .没有哪个教师或学生可以免于参加这项活动。 ;Ⅳ. 主语前、后加表“数、量”等的修饰语时： 1. a）“many a + 单名 ”接单数谓语：“a good (great ) many + 复名”接复数谓语。e.g.①Many a fine man has died for it. 许多优秀战士为此献出了生命。②A great many parents were present at the meeting . 许多家长出席了会议。 ; ;c）a / an + 单名+ and a half常接单数谓语；“one and a half +复名”多接复数谓语。e.g. ①A year and a half has passed. 一年半已过去了。②One and a half tons of rice are sold. 已卖了一吨半大米。 ;d） more than one + 单名大多接单数谓语。e.g. ①More than one person was (were )absent . 不止一个人缺席。 more + 复名+ than one 接复数谓语。e.g. ②More students than one have been there. 不止一个学生去过那儿。; ;2. 主语前加表示“单位、度量”的短语如“a kind (sort / type / form /pair /cup /glass /piece / load / block / box / handful / quantity / ton / meter /… )of”等时，表示“单位、度量”的这个名词的单复数决定谓语形式。e.g.; ;b） ①This kind of apple is sweet. 这种苹果甜。 ②This kind of apples is (are) sweet. （大多依 kind ，作单数用 ） ③These kinds of apple(s) are sweet. ???总作复数用） 但:Apples of this kind are sweet. （总作复数用） ; ;e.g. ①A woman with two children has come . 一位妇女带着两个孩子来了。 ②I as well as they am ready to help you . 不仅他们，我也愿帮助你。 ;4. one of + 复数名词+ 定语从句： 1）定语从句的先行词通常是这个“复数名词”，因此从句的谓语用复数形式。 e.g. ①This is one of the best novels that have appeared this year . 这是今年出版的最佳小说之一。（关系词“that”代“novels”）; ;【意义一致原则（Notional Concord）】 I. 集合名词作主语时： 有些通常作复数用(不变词形) 。如：“people , police , cattle (牛，牲口)，folk , youth , militia (民兵)”，等。e.g. The police