Titrations and Solbility滴定法和溶解度.pptVIP

Titrations and Solubility By Courtney Page and Jake Estes The Basics of Titrations A titration is when a solution of accurately known concentration is gradually added to another solution of unknown concentration until the chemical reaction between the two is complete. Equivalence point is the point when the reaction is complete. (In an acid-base titration the EQ point is when the moles of H+ from the acid equals the moles OH- from the base.) Indicator is the substance that changes color at the equivalence point. How it works Slowly add base to the unknown acid until the indicator changes color. Before? ?After When do we use titrations? We use titrations to find different aspects of the experiment. You could be asked to find the concentration of a solution before the EQ point, at EQ point, or after EQ point. You could also be asked to find the pH at a given point. To do this, we use a BCA or ICE table. But what’s the difference?? BCA Tables Use a BCA table when titrating a strong acid by a strong base. ICE Tables Use an ICE table when titrating a weak acid and weak base. Finding EQ point through calculations Strong acid and strong base No EQ, because it is 100% ionized. pH=7 Strong acid and weak base The base is neutralized, need Ka for conjugate acid EQ Weak acid and strong base The acid is neutralized, need Kb for conjugate base EQ Weak acid and weak base Depends on the strength of both. Could use any of the above 3 ways to find EQ. What is Ka and Kb? Ka for the example reaction HA(aq) + H2O(l) ?? H3O+(aq) + A-(aq) [H3O+][A-] Ka= [HA] Kb for the example reaction B(aq) + H2O(l) ?? HB+(aq) + OH-(aq) [HB+][OH-] Kb= [HB] How to navigate through titration problems A 25.0 mL sample of 0.20 M HCl is titrated with 0.10 M NaOH What is the pH when 0 mL of titrant has been added? What is the pH when 60 mL of titrant has been added? Sample Multiple Choice #1 Ka the acid dissoci