均衡器补充材料.docVIP

数字通信课程补充材料--均衡原理 2006-12-9，北京大学电子学系 Equalization A communication channel that readily comes to mind for the transmission of digital data is a telephone channel ,which is characterized by a high signal-to-noise ratio, However, the telephone channel is bandwidth-limited. At the receiving end of the system, the received signal is demodulated and synchronously sampled, and then decisions are made as to which particular symbols were transmitted. a a result of dispersion of the pulse shape by the telephone channel, we find that the number of detectable amplitude levels is often limited by ISI rather than bye additive noise. In principle ,if the channel is known precisely, a transmit filter can be used to compensate the affect of ISI. In practice ,however ,we seldom have prior knowledge of the exact channel characteristics. To compensate for the intrinsic residual distortion ,we may use a process known as equalization. The filter used to perform such a process is called an equalizer. A device well-suited for the design of a linear equalizer is the tapped-delay-line filter, as depicted in Fig.7.22.For symmetry, the total number of taps is chosen to be (2N+1),with the weights denoted by .The impulse response of the tapped-delay-line equalizer is therefore (7.85) where the delay T is chosen equal to the symbol duration. Suppose that the tapped-delay-line-equalizer is connected in cascade with a linear system whose impulse response is c(t),as depicted in Fig.7.23 .Let p(t)denote the impulse response of the equalized system. Then p(t) is equal to the convolution of c(t) and h(t),as shown by Interchanging the order of summation and convolution: (7.86) where we have made use of the sifting property of the delta function. Evaluation Eq.(7.86) at the sampling t-nT, we get the discrete convolution sum (7.87) Note that the sequence {p(nT)} is longer than {c(nT)}. To eliminate ISI completely , we must satisfy