不同施氮量对马铃薯养分吸收及产量和品质影响.docVIP

不同施氮量对马铃薯养分吸收及产量和品质影响 　　摘要：在大田条件下，设置4个氮处理（N1：CK，0 kg/hm2；N2：75 kg/hm2；N3：105 kg/hm2；N4：135 kg/hm2），研究不同施氮量对马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）养分吸收及产量和品质的影响。结果表明，地上部干物质积累量在薯块形成期随着施氮量增加而增加，此期N4处理地上部干物质积累量达到4 279.01 kg/hm2，比对照提高61.67%；在薯块形成期N4处理显著促进马铃薯地上部对养分的吸收，地上部氮磷钾吸收量分别比对照增加84.80%、79.28%、173.27%；N2、N3、N4处理产量比对照N1分别提高21.85%、22.22%、24.44%，与对照间差异显著；块茎中淀粉含量仅N4处理高于对照，其余施肥处理低于对照。综合分析认为，马铃薯施氮量以135 kg/hm2为宜。 　　关键词：氮肥；马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）；养分吸收；产量；品质 　　中图分类号：S532.062 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2013）21-5158-03 　　Nutrient Absorption， Yield and Quality of Solanum tuberosum L. under Different Nitrogen Levels 　　JI Wei-rong1，ZHANG Ji-li2，SUN Hai-ren1，WANG Ning1，LIU Chun-mei1，WANG Peng1 　　（1. Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural Reclamation University， Daqing 163319， Heilongjiang， China； 　　2. Daqing Vocational College， Daqing 163255， Heilongjiang， China） 　　Abstract： In order to study the effects of different nitrogen levels on nutrient absorption， yield and quality of Solanum tuberosum L.， field experiments were conducted under four treatments of nitrogen rate of N1（CK） 0 kg/hm2，N2 75 kg/hm2，N3 105 kg/hm2，N4 135 kg/hm2 with randomized block design and three repeats. The results showed that dry matter accumulation increased with increasing nitrogen in the tuber formation. Aboveground dry matter accumulation of N4 treatment was 4 279.01 kg/hm2， increasing by 61.67% compared with the control. N4 treatment can significantly promote the potato nutrient absorption. NPK uptaking were increased 84.80%，79.28% and 173.27%. Compared with the control，production of N2 to N4 treatment increased 21.85%、22.22%、24.44% with no significant difference from the control. Tuber starch content of N4 treatment was higher than that of the control. Comprehensive analysis suggests that potato nitrogen rate of 135 kg/hm2 is appropriate. 　　Key words： nitrogen fertilizer； Solanum tuberosum L.； nutrient absorption； production； quality 　　马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）是世界第四大栽培作物，也是我国重要的粮食和经济作物[1]，尽管我国马铃薯栽培面积和产量均处于世界首位，但是单位面积