复习动词不定式语态.docVIP

复习动词不定式语态 　　一、动词不定式的被动语态 　　1. 不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式所表达的动作的承受者时用被动语态。进行时和完成进行时没有被动语态。 　　（1）作主语 　　It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here. 　　【考题链接】 　　is better to love than . 　　A. That， to be loved B. That， be loved 　　C. It， be loved D. It， to be loved 　　答案 D 　　解析 这里It为形式主语，而than连接的是两个动词不定式。 　　（2） 作宾语 　　She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang. 　　（3） 构成复合宾语 　　He wanted the letter to be typed at once. 　　She didn’t like herself to be praised like that. 　　（4） 构成复合谓语 　　The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room. 　　（5） 作定语 　　Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers’ office？ 　　【考题链接】 　　His first book _____ next month is based on a true story. 　　A. published B. to be published 　　C. to publish D. being published 　　答案 B 　　解析 非谓语动词作后置定语，由时间状语next month可知所填非谓语动词表示将来的动作，用动词不定式，其逻辑主语是所修饰的名词book，不定式与逻辑主语是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，选B。 　　（6） 作状语 　　She was too young to be assigned such work. 　　【考题链接】 　　The news reporters hurried to the airport， only _____the film stars had left. 　　A. to tell B. to be told 　　C. telling D. Told 　　答案 B 　　解析 reporters与tell之间为被动关系，从B、D中选。再由过去分词不能作结果状语，而不定式可以得出B项正确。 　　2.不定式有时还可以有完成时的被动式，在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如： 　　It is a good thing for him to have been criticized. （主语） 　　She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. （宾语） 　　He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. （复合宾语） 　　The book is said to have been translated into many languages. （复合谓语） 　　She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. （定语） 　　二、不定式的主动形式表示被动意义 　　1.不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系，且不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。如： 　　I have something important to do tonight. 　　（to do 和something important 构成动宾关系，句子的主语I 是不定式的逻辑主语。） 　　We have masses of work to do， so I am afraid we can not keep on with the talk with you right now. 　　If you want to make greater progress， you still have many difficulties to overcome. 　　2.不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系，且不定式的逻辑主语就是被不定式所修饰的名词或代词（作直接宾语）前的间接宾语，即间接宾语和不定式构成主谓关系。如： 　　I will give you two more ex