DSM-IVCriteriaforPTSDAStressorCriterion创伤后应激障碍的应激源标准DSM-IV标准.pptVIP

How do we defineSTRESS? Incongruity between the demands placed on the organism and the adaptive capacities of the organism DSM-IV Criteria for PTSDA. Stressor Criterion The person has been exposed to a traumatic event in which both of the following have been present: The person has experienced, witnessed, or been confronted with an event or events that involve actual or threatened death or serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of self or others The person’s response involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror. Note: in children, it may be expressed instead by disorganized or agitated behavior. PREVALENCE OF PTSD FOLLOWING DISASTER Natural Disasters Buffalo Creek Disaster Lifetime PTSD 59% at 14 yr follow-up 25% in children 37% Mt. St. Helens Volcanic Eruption PTSD in exposed sample 3.6%, PTSD among non-exposed 2.6% Tornado PTSD 2-21%., Post-traumatic Stress Impairment 59% Earthquake Post-traumatic Stress Impairment 32-60%, PTSD in children 26-95% DISASTER EXPERIENCES ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC PTSD Survivors/witnesses of mass destruction or death Unresolved bereavement Loss of home or community Survivors with histories of prior exposure to trauma Survivors who experience major life stressors Survivors of toxic contamination disasters OTHER FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC PTSD Low levels of emotional/social support or high levels of social demand Coping via avoidance, self-blame, or rumination (However: maladaptive patterns of coping may be the result rather than cause of post-traumatic stress impairment ) Coping via substance abuse Serving as an emergency worker Children whose parents are persistently psychologically impaired. Children whose parents experience significant peritraumatic distress. DSM-IV Criteria for PTSDB. Intrusive Recollection Criterion The traumatic event is persistently re-experienced in one (or more) of the following ways: recurrent and intrusive distressing recollections of the event, including im