Two Dimensional Gauge Theoriesand Quantum Integrable Sys：两维规范理论量子可积系统.ppt

Two Dimensional Gauge Theoriesand Quantum Integrable Systems Nikita Nekrasov IHES Imperial College April 10, 2008 Based on NN, S.Shatashvili, to appear Prior work: E.Witten, 1992; A.Gorsky, NN; J.Minahan, A.Polychronakos; M.Douglas; ~1993-1994; A.Gerasimov ~1993; G.Moore, NN, S.Shatashvili ~1997-1998; A.Losev, NN, S.Shatashvili ~1997-1998; A.Gerasimov, S.Shatashvili ~ 2006-2007 We are going to relate 2,3, and 4 dimensional  susy gauge theorieswith four supersymmetries N=1 d=4 And quantum integrable systems soluble by Bethe Ansatz techniques. Mathematically speaking, the cohomology, K-theory and elliptic cohomology of various gauge theory moduli spaces, like moduli of flat connections and instantons And quantum integrable systems soluble by Bethe Ansatz techniques. For example, we shall relate the XXX Heisenberg magnet and 2d N=2 SYM theory with some matter (pre-)History In 1992 E.Witten studied two dimensional Yang-Mills theory with the goal to understand the relation between the physical and topological gravities in 2d. (pre-)History There are two interesting kinds of Two dimensional Yang-Mills theories Yang-Mills theories in 2d (1) Cohomological YM = twisted N=2 super-Yang-Mills theory, with gauge group G, whose BPS (or TFT) sector is related to the intersection theory on the moduli space MG of flat G-connections on a Riemann surface Yang-Mills theories in 2d N=2 super-Yang-Mills theory Yang-Mills theories in 2d (2) Physical YM = N=0 Yang-Mills theory, with gauge group G; The moduli space MG of flat G-connections = minima of the action; The theory is exactly soluble (A.Migdal) with the help of the Polyakov lattice YM action Yang-Mills theories in 2d Physical YM Yang-Mills theories in 2d Witten found a way to map the BPS sector of the N=2 theory to the N=0 theory. The result is: Yang-Mills theories in 2d Two dimensional Yang-Mills partition function is given by the explicit sum Yang-Mills theori