六关系代词.docxVIP

六、关系代词关系代词的作用关系代词有下面这些：Who whom whose that which都是用来引起定语从句。这类代词通常起着纽带的作用。把从句和它所修饰的词连接起来，同时又在从句中担任一个成分：I met someone who said he knew you.(who 引起定语从句，修饰someone, who = someone, 在从句中作主语。)The noise that he made woke everybody up.(that 引起定语从句，修饰 noise, 在从句中 that 作宾语，代表noise。)I saw something in the paper which might interest you.(which 引起定语从句，修饰something，在从句中which作主语，代表something。)把他们称作关系代词是因为他们有关连作用，把引起的从句和所修饰的词联系起来，这种从句可称为关系从句（relative clauses），由于他修饰一个名词或代词，因而也称作定语从句（attributive clauses）。Who, whom 和whose 的用法Who 代表人。在从句中作主语（who是主格）：The man who robbed her has been arrested.This is the man who wanted to see you.Whom 也代表人。在从句中作宾语（whom 是who 的宾格）：The man whom I saw told me to come back today.The students whom we examined last week were excellent.在口语中常可用who 代替，但如果跟介词，则不能用who 代替：Our doctor, who we all like very much, is leaving.在作从句中的宾语且该从句时定语从句，则whom 常会省略：The man (who) I saw told me to wait.The girl (who/whom) I spoke to was a student.但在紧跟介词时只能用whom:This is the man about whom we were speaking.The man to whom I spoke was a foreigner.Whose 表示“（某人）的”（是所有格，必须带名词。其本身有限定词的功能）：I know a boy whose father is an acrobat.There are still many people whose living conditions are miserable.Whose 有时可指动物或无生命的东西：The word, whose meaning escapes me, probably derives from Latin.那个词可能源自拉丁文，其意思我想不起来了。I saw a film whose name I have forgotten.that 和which 的用法that 可代表人（a）, 也可代表东西 （b）:He that would eat the fruit must climb the tree.Can you think of anyone that could look after him?I reached the gate that opened onto the lake.He expressed the hope that we would keep in touch with his firm.在从句中作宾语时，that 常可省略：This is the best hotel (that) I know.Who is the man (that ) you were talking to？Which 只能代表东西或动物：I want to take away the book which you showed me yesterday.She was not the train which arrived just now.当它在从句中作宾语时常常可以省略：This is the book (which) you want.There are difficulties (which) we got into.Which 还可以在从句中介词的宾语：The situation which he found himself in was difficult.He also had a gun with which