北部湾划界后广东沿海渔民转产转业政策分析.docVIP

北部湾划界后广东沿海渔民转产转业的政策分析 摘 要 中日、中韩、中越三份渔业协定签署和相继生效，引发了中国沿海渔民转产转业。这是一项中国特有的渔业发展改革，牵涉到数以万计的渔民生计问题，各地政府高度重视，纷纷出台相关转产转业政策，取得了一定成效，但效果未尽人意，有的没达到原有计划预期的效果。这就需要我们重新研究分析现有的政策，找出实施过程中存在的偏差，科学调整，从而实现渔业的可持续发展。本文从研究问题的背景入手，总结出渔民转产转业的成因，即是国际海洋新制度的实施、渔业资源的衰退、生产成本的提升、产业结构的演化调整和科技发展等因素带来的影响，进而通过对中国以及广东省现有的转产转业政策实施成效进行分析，并对比国外的一些国家的政策，最后就如何完善国家渔业管理制度、加大财政扶持政策、完善渔区社会保障、制定完善相关的金融政策、加强渔民职业教育培训和渔业研究政策、调整渔业产业化结构政策等方面提出了建议。渔民转产转业不是一个单一问题的简单项，而是中国渔业发展的必经过程，是中国渔业从传统渔业向现代化渔业的转型。实施渔民转产转业，保护海洋资源和环境，调整渔业产业结构，最终实现渔民脱贫致富、增效增收，渔区社会和谐稳定、渔业全面协调可持续地发展。 关键词：转产转业，政策， Study on Abstract China signed fishery agreement with Japan, South Korea and Vietnam and successive effect, which caused the Chinese coastal fishermen over to production of be transferred to civilian work. This is a unique Chinese fishery development and reform, involving thousands of fishermen livelihood problem. The local government attaches great importance to it and have to publish relevant over to production of be transferred to civilian work policy. These relevant policy has obtained progress, however, the result did not up to expectations, some did not reach the original desired effect. So we need to research and analyze the existing policy, find out the deviation on the implementing process, and reasonably adjust the relevant policy so as to realize the sustainable development of fishery. Basing on the background of the research, this paper summarizes the cause of be transferred to civilian work over the fishermen(the international implementation of the new international rules , the decay of fishery resources, the ascension of production cost, the evolution of the industrial structure adjustment and the development of science and technology are the impact of factors),and then through the China and Guan dong province over the existing policy implementation effect of be transferred to civilian work are analyzed, compared some overseas state policies, and finally how to perfect the state fisheries management system, increasing econo