西宁市土地利用变化对区域生态系统服务价值影响.docVIP

西宁市土地利用变化对区域生态系统服务价值影响 　　摘要：分析了2003―2008年西宁市城市化背景下区域土地利用的变化情况，并计算由此导致的生态系统服务价值（ESV）变化。结果表明：研究期内，西宁市耕地、园地、牧草地和未利用地面积减少，耕地面积减少最多，林地、居民点及工矿用地、交通运输用地和水利设施用地面积增加，林地增加最多；研究区生态系统服务价值增加了51.43×106元，年变化率为0.21%，价值系数较高的林地面积大幅增加是造成这一结果的主要原因；在各项生态系统服务功能中，土壤形成与保护对生态系统服务价值的贡献最大；敏感性指数分析表明，生态系统服务价值对所指定的价值系数缺乏弹性，研究结果可信。西宁市生态系统相对安全，但是在增加林地和建设用地的同时，也应该充分考虑价值系数较高的草地保护。　　关键词：土地利用变化 生态系统服务价值 西宁市　　中图分类号：X171.1　　Effects of land use change on ecosystem services value in Xining City　　ZHAO Jin-cheng　　Jiangsu Tianying Environmental Protection and Energy Resource Company Ltd.Hai’an Jiangsu Province, 226600　　Abstract:The objective of this paper is to analyze the land use change and to examine their effects on ecosystem services value (ESV) in the rapid urbanization area of Xining City from 2003 to 2008. The results showed that from 2003 to 2008, the area of cropland, garden plot, grassland and unused land decreased, while forest, rural and the industrial mines, transportation and the water resources facilities land increased. Cropland decreased the most and forest increased the most. The total ESV of the study area increased 51.43×106 RMB, at an annual rate of 0.21%.The increase was attributed to the rapid increase of forest which has a relatively high value coefficient. Among the various ecosystem services, soil formation and protection of ecosystem services contributed to the value is the maximum. The sensitivity analysis indicated that the ESV lacked elasticity on value coefficients, and the results are credible. The ecosystem in Xining City is relatively safe, but it is necessary to pay more attention to protect grassland with higher value coefficient while increasing the area of forest and build up.　　Keywords: land use change ecosystem service value Xining City　　1．引言　　土地是人类赖以生存和发展的最基本的自然资源，土地利用是人与自然生态系统交叉最为密切的环节，它在带给人类巨大直接利用价值的同时，还兼具改变陆地表层生物地球化学循环过程的间接生态价值[1]。生态系统服务作为生态学和生态经济学研究的一个热点，近年来得到了快速的发展。生态系统服务是指生态系统与生态过程所形成与维持的人类赖以生存的自然环境条件与效用[2]。土地利用的变化能够引起生态过程的变化，研究土地利用变化及其生态环境效应，对生态系统维持其服务功能具有重要意