时域超宽带窄脉冲产生及回波采样系统设计与实现-design and implementation of ultra-wideband narrow pulse generation and echo sampling system in time domain.docxVIP
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时域超宽带窄脉冲产生及回波采样系统设计与实现-design and implementation of ultra-wideband narrow pulse generation and echo sampling system in time domain
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摘 要
摘 要
超宽带穿墙探测雷达(UWB-TWDR)是一种能够隔墙探测和定位的新型雷达系 统,它可以对建筑或掩体内的可疑目标 (人)进行外部的非入侵式探测,并对建筑物内 的运动目标进行监测,可以广泛的应用于大规模城区巷战、反恐斗争和人质救援行 动。本文作为超宽带穿墙探测雷达试验系统的一部分,研究了超宽带窄脉冲产生 技术和回波信号采集系统两方面,包括相关硬件和软件设计。
穿墙雷达探测目标需要靠天线发射超宽带极窄脉冲,因此本文介绍了应用于 超宽带穿墙探测雷达的极窄脉冲产生技术。首先介绍了一种可用于超宽带穿墙雷 达的脉冲发生电路,讨论并分析了 UWB 中几种常用窄脉冲产生方法的特点及其局 限性。基于雪崩三极管和射频双极性晶体管的雪崩特性,设计并制作了 UWB 脉冲 电路发生器,指出电路中需要注意的事项及改进脉冲性能的方法,并获得亚纳秒 级的超短、快速前沿的单极性 UWB 脉冲,幅度为 28V,宽度为 958ps。
目标的所有信息包含在回波信号里,但由于发射脉冲极窄,导致回波信号带 宽很大(大于 1GHz),一般采样无法实现对回波信号的采集,为此设计了等效采 样系统。首先介绍了等效采样和锁相环的基本原理,基于高精度时钟芯片 AD9510 设 计 了 超 低 抖 动 的 时 钟 源 ; 为 对 时 钟 源 的 输 出 频 率 进 行 步 进 延 时 , 应 用 MC100EP196 设计了可编程延时电路;对于采集回来的回波数据,需传至 PC 做数 据处理后成像,因此应用 USB2.0 协议将采样后数据传到 PC 上。为此介绍了 USB2.0 芯 CY7C68013A 芯片的功能结构和工作原理,并完成和采样芯片 AD9215 的硬件 设计。
最后介绍了 CY7C68013A 的固件框架,并对框架中主要函数进行了介绍,基 于 GPIF 接口方式进行了固件编写。USB 设备必须依靠驱动和电脑通讯,因此介绍 了驱动识别方法。本文采用 VC++作为开发平台,使用 Cypress 提供的库,并编写 了上位机程序。经测试系统传输速率达 30Mbps,能很好的满足数据传输要求。
关键词:UWB,脉冲发生器,等效采样,USB2.0
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Abstract
Abstract
Ultra Wideband Through-the-wall Detecting Radar (UWB-TWDR) is a new radar system, which can detect the suspicious objects without intrusion and surveil the moving targets inside the building or blindage. It can be widely used for urban-warfare,
counter-terrorism and hostage rescue.As a part of the UWB-TWDR experiment system,
this article discussses the technology of UWB pulse generator and the echo data collection,includeing the hardware and software design.
UWB-TWDR gets the information of objects by emitting UWB pluse.So the the technology of UWB pulse generator is discussed at first. A pulse generator used in through the wall ultra wideband is introduced. Several kinds of commonly used narrow pulse generating methods are presented and their merits and limitations are analysed. Based on the avalanche characteristic of avlanch transistor and RF-BJT, sub-nanosecond UWB pulse is designed and fabricated with satisfying result of 28V amplitude and pulse width of 958ps.Key points and improvements are also discussed.
The ech
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