兴凯湖地区天然沼泽和森林土壤重金属分布特征及潜在生态风险.docVIP

兴凯湖地区天然沼泽和森林土壤重金属分布特征及潜在生态风险 　　摘要：?榱私庑丝?湖地区沼泽和森林土壤重金属含量状况，利用ICP-OES测定As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn、Pb 7种重金属浓度，采用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对重金属潜在生态风险进行评价。结果表明，研究区域森林土壤As含量高于沼泽，其他含量均低于沼泽土壤。7种重金属中仅Cd含量超标严重，沼泽和森林土壤Cd含量超过土壤环境质量标准二级标准值比例分别为95.33%和61.00%，其他6种含量均未超过土壤环境质量标准一级标准值。7种重金属元素变异系数幅度为2.62%～481.52%，其中沼泽以As、Cd变幅显著，空间分布差异明显，其他元素变异系数不大，空间分布比较均匀，由大到小依次为As、Cd、Zn、Pb、Ni、Cr、Cu。森林土壤7种重金属元素变异系数由大到小依次为As、Ni、Cd、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr，以As、Pb和Cd变幅较大，空间分布不均匀。由相关性分析可知，沼泽土壤Cu与Cd呈显著正相关；森林土壤Cd与Pb呈极显著正相关，Zn与Cu和Cr均呈显著正相关。沼泽土壤Ni与碱解氮间呈极显著负相关；森林土壤Zn和土壤速效钾间呈显著正相关，Pb与碱解氮间呈显著正相关。沼泽和森林土壤重金属的潜在生态危害已达到强潜在生态风险（RI分别为224.61和183.73），Cd已达到很强生态危害程度（Ei分别为204.42和168.49），其他均为轻微生态危害程度。 　　关键词：兴凯湖；沼泽；森林；重金属；生态风险 　　中图分类号：X52 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）22-4299-05 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.22.022 　　Abstract： In order to determine heavy metal pollution status in swamp and forest soils in Xingkai Lake area，soil samples were collected in typical area， to analyze concentrations of seven heavy metals（As，Cd，Cr，Cu，Ni，Zn and Pb） and chemical properties in the soils. The background values of the soil heavy metals in Heilongjiang province were used as references and the Hakanson potential ecological risk index method was adopted in the assessment. The results showed that the concentration of As in forest soil was 2 times of that of swamp，the other concentrations were lower than that of marsh soil. Cd had the highest accumulation， compared to level II of the China Soil Environment Quality Standard（GB 15618-1995） that the average concentration of Cd exceeded about 95.33% and 61.00% in marsh soil and forest soil， respectively. The other 6 heavy metals concentrations were lower than those in level Ⅰ of the China Soil Environment Quality Standard（GB 15618-1995）. The range of variation coefficient was 2.62%～481.52% for the seven heavy metals and variation coefficient followed an order of AsCdZnPbNiCrCu in marsh soil， the amplitude of variation of As and Cd were remarkable，the spatial distribution difference was obvious， the spatial dis