万寿菊营养与施肥效应分析-analysis on nutrition and fertilization effect of marigold.docxVIP

山东农业大学硕士学位论文 山东农业大学硕士学位论文 万寿菊营养与施肥效应研究 万寿菊营养与施肥效应研究 PAGE PAGE 1 PAGE PAGE 10 摘 要 万寿菊产业在我国发展十分迅速，其用途除采集花朵加工出售外，郊区花农亦作切 花或盆花供应市场用于城市绿化中，多栽于城市公园、花坛、花盆,美化环境。本文利用 花卉专用控释肥对万寿菊进行不同施肥量与不同肥料种类的穴盘育苗和盆栽试验,探索 万寿菊穴盘育苗及盆栽条件下养分供应方式、最佳施肥量和适宜肥料种类,为万寿菊栽培 合理施肥提供理论依据。主要研究结果如下: 1、控释肥缓慢增加育苗介质有效养分的供应量，基质的养分含量与施肥量呈极显 著正相关，提升了肥料利用率，减少了养分浪费和环境污染。控释肥 20-8-10 较好的满 足万寿菊穴盘苗的营养需求，对幼苗生长具有显著的促进作用,用量以干基质计 150g?kg-1 为佳。 2、万寿菊成品苗的氮素含量为 2.091-5.242 %，磷素含量为 0.484-1.237%,钾素含量 为 1.561-2.160%，氮磷钾比例为 1:0.21:0.57。控释肥显著提高了万寿菊穴盘苗体内氮磷 钾的含量。 3、盆栽万寿菊施控释肥后土壤速效氮磷钾随呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,随着施 肥量的增加而增加。万寿菊植株体的营养含量和土壤速效氮磷钾变化趋势类似,呈抛物线 型,肥料施用量的多少影响不显著。 4、利用穴盘苗移栽后盆栽万寿菊试验，缓苗期短,生长迅速。适量控释肥处理促进 万寿菊植株叶绿素的合成、茎粗、株高、生物量的累积,同时万寿菊花色鲜艳，开花量多, 花茎较大提高了花卉的观赏价值。试验中,以 CRF2 处理的盆栽万寿菊其综合表现最好, 推荐施肥量为 4g·kg-1。 关键词:万寿菊,控释肥；穴盘育苗；盆栽；植株营养；土壤养分 Plant Nutrition and Effects of Fertilizer Application in Marigold Abstract Marigold industry developed rapidly in China, its use in addition to process and sell flowers flowers set, the suburbs are for cut flowers or potted plant growers supply the market for urban greening, planted in city parks, flower beds, flower pots, landscaping. In this paper, designed with controlled release fertilizer(CRF), a plug-seedling experiment in different fertilizer levels and different types was conducted. On this basis, then a pot experiment was designed. All the experiments were designed to explore the nutrient supply mode, the best and appropriate types of fertilizers in plug-seedling and pot ways. for the cultivation of marigold to provide the theoretical basis for rational fertilization. The main results are as follows The available nutrient was increased slowly by CRF in growth medium; the medium available nutrient content and fertilizer application were highly significant positive correlated. The the nutrient waste and pollution were reduced. The nutritional needs of plug seedlings were meet better by CRF(20-8-10), CRF(20-8-10) played a significant role in promoting growth, and the optimum amount is 150g ? kg-1 dry sub