双层交错桨搅拌槽层流流场的数值模拟与实验分析-numerical simulation and experimental analysis of laminar flow field in a stirred tank with double staggered paddles.docxVIP

摘要搅拌设备在化学工业、生物工程、制药工程、材料加工及食品加工等领域有着广泛的应用。当流体粘度很大或者对剪切敏感时，就要求搅拌处于低雷诺数的层流状态。已有的研究大多集中在标准搅拌桨，本文将集中于交错搅拌桨，对径向桨、轴向桨和组合桨的流动特性进行了数值模拟，找出叶片不同布置方式对流场的影响。本文还采用PIV技术对槽径为Φ200mm的搅拌槽进行了实验研究。用FLUENT软件对径向桨搅拌过程进行数值模拟，采用桨叶交错的布置方式，来增加对搅拌槽中层流流体的搅动，与标准径向桨相比，交错桨拥有更大的高速区域面积，提高了混合效率。比较斜45°桨，四叶CBY桨和交错45°桨三种轴向桨的流场情况，分析不同桨叶布置方式对轴向桨流场的影响。对比三种轴向桨的速度变化情况发现叶片交错布置对斜叶桨的流场有所改善。叶片的空间布置方式和叶片的数量对流场影响较大。对组合桨在桨和槽同轴布置与桨和槽偏轴布置情况下进行模拟，研究偏轴布置对流场的影响。偏轴布置的情况打破了流场的对称性，但远离搅拌轴的一边搅拌强度明显减弱，降低了整体搅拌的效率。组合桨在上层桨叶和下层桨叶相对偏移后，流场的对称性被打破，流场情况更加复杂。采用交错方式布置桨叶时，搅拌效果更好。运用PIV技术对标准偏心组合桨和交错偏心组合桨的搅拌过程进行了实验研究。得到了搅拌槽内的实际流场情况。对比分析实验结果和模拟结果，发现实验结果和模拟结果较为吻合，验证了数值模拟的正确性。关键词搅拌槽；交错桨；PIV；层流模型；示踪粒子AbstractInthefieldofchemicalindustry,biotechnology,pharmaceuticalengineering,materialsprocessingandfoodprocessing,stirringequipmenthasbeenwidelyused.Whenthefluidviscosityislargeorwhenthemediaisshear-sensitive,mixingisrequiredinalaminarflowwithlowReynoldsnumber.Therehavemanyresearchesthatconcentrateontheaspectofstandardimpeller.Thispaperwillsimulatetheflowcharacteristicsofthestandardimpellerandthestaggeredimpeller,andfindimpellerofdifferentlayoutoftheflowfield.ThisthesisalsousesPIVtechnologyastheresearchonΦ200mmdiametertankofagitation.TheflowofradialimpellerissimulatedwithFLUENTsoftware.Comparedwiththestandardradialimpeller,staggeredimpellerhasgreaterhigh-speedareaandenhancedtheefficiencyoftheflowfield.Analyzingtheflowofdifferentaxialimpellerwhichincludeof45°obliqueimpeller,4-bladeCBYandstaggered45°obliqueimpeller.Comparisonofthreeaxialimpellerspeedchanges,findthatstaggeredimpellerimprovedtheflowfieldoftheobliqueimpeller.Arrangementofimpellerandthenumberofimpellerhaveagreateffectontheimpactofmixing.Combinationimpellerofthetankandpropellershaftintheconcentricandeccentricaresimulated.Thesituationofoarsandtheeccentricgroovebreakthesymmetryoftheflowfieldandthedeadspaceofthestirredtankisdecreased.However,thesideawayfromthestirringshafstirringisweakened,reducingtheoverallmixingeffect.Whentheupperbladeandlowerbladerelativeshift,theflowfieldsymmetryisbroke