群体现象中的有序-无序转变的模拟和理论分析-simulation and theoretical analysis of order-disorder transition in group phenomenon.docxVIP
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群体现象中的有序-无序转变的模拟和理论分析-simulation and theoretical analysis of order-disorder transition in group phenomenon
AbstractCollectivePhenomenoniscommoninnatureandsociety,wheresimpleinteractionsamongparticipantsleadtospontaneoussymmetry-breakinginnon-equilibriumcondition.Vicsekmodel(VM)providesaminimalmodeltodescribeandstudythesephenomena.Tounderstandthemechanismoftheemergenceoforderincollectivemotion,westartfromtheoriginalVicsekmodelandstudythetransitionbehaviorofthismodelanditsvariationsthroughbothsimulationandanalyticalapproaches.Thecontentsofthisdissertationareasfollows.WefirststudybasicelementsofVMandtheirrolesinorder-disordertransitionofVManditsvariations.Theseelementsincludebutnotlimitedtomagnitudeofnoise,particlespeed,averagedensityinthesystem,positionupdaterules,sizeofsimulationboxandboundaryconditionsetc.Wefindthatthenatureoforder-disordertransitionisaresultofthecoordinationofseveralkeyelements.Forexample,inVM(AN,BU)wecanproducediscontinuoustransitioncurvebychangingkeyparameterssuchasaveragedensityinsystemorspeedofparticles.Andorderedstructuremayemergeunderstrongernoisewhenthesystemisshiftingtowardthermaldynamiclimit.Besides,periodicboundaryconditionmayhelptofixtheorientationoftravelingbandofparticles,butitisnotessentialfortheemergenceoftravelingband.Basedonthesepreliminaryresultsandanticipations,wecombinesimulationandanalyticalmethodtosystematicallystudythephasetransitionbehaviorofVicsekModelanditsvariations.Tomaketheinteractionamongparticlesclear,wefirstusetwomethods,i.e.size-fixedinteractiongroupandrandomupdaterules,toconstructhomogeneousVicsekmodelwhichexactlyagreewiththemathematicaltreatmentofVicsekmodelinspatialhomogeneouscondition.Inthisapproach,wefindthephasebehaviorofvectorialnoiseandangularnoiseisessentiallydifferent.Theorder-disordertransitioninvectorialnoiseconditionisdiscontinuouswhenthesizeofinteractiongroupislargerthan4,however,inangularnoisethetransitionisalwayscontinuous.Wefurthershowthatthecriticalpointoftransitiondependsonthesizeofinteractiongroup,whichiscriticallyimportantforthediscontinuoustransitionemergedintheoriginalVicsekmodel.Inthetransitionbeh
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