拓扑绝缘体表面态调控的第一性原理分析-first principles analysis of surface state control of topological insulators.docx
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拓扑绝缘体表面态调控的第一性原理分析-first principles analysis of surface state control of topological insulators
验中得到观测。从实验的迫切需要出发,以Bi2Se3和Bi2Te3为对象,采用半导体异质节能带调整理论和第一性原理计算,研究常规半导体硅和砷化镓与拓扑绝缘体表面和界面态的作用,寻找调节拓扑绝缘体费米能级至狄拉克点的关键参数。通过第一性原理计算,我们研究了半导体对拓扑绝缘体表面与界面效应。首先,我们计算了不同厚度的拓扑绝缘体薄膜和半导体衬底的功函数。我们的计算发现当半导体衬底的功函数小于拓扑绝缘体薄膜的功函数时,拓扑绝缘体薄膜会从衬底得到电子,更高的能级将被填充,费米能级向上移动,费米能级相对于狄拉克点移动的幅度随薄膜厚度增加而减小。由半导体衬底引起的拓扑绝缘体薄膜费米能级的移动能够用功函数和电荷转移得到解释。随着薄膜厚度的增加,拓扑绝缘体薄膜的态密度也在增加,转移相同数目的电荷引起费米能级的移动幅度较小。关键词:拓扑绝缘体;第一性原理;自旋轨道耦合;应变;相变;狄拉克电子IIAbstractInthisthesis,wehaveinvestigatedtheoreticallythepropertiesofthesurfacestatesoftopologicalinsulators(TI)byusingfirst-principlescalculationsbasedonthedensityfunctionaltheory,whichwillprovideaguidancefordesigningtunableTI-basednano-devices.Themainresultsaresummarizedasfollows:Straininducedtopologicalphasetransition:Basedonfirst-principlescalculations,westudythedependenceoftopologicalphaseonanisotropicinteractionsinBi2Se3-typematerials.Byapplyingdifferentstrainsinordertovaryinteractions,werevealthatthetopologicalphaseisinsensitivetolateralinteractionbutcanbeeffectivelytunedbylongitudinalinteraction.Longitudinalstrainisinhomogeneousinthestudiedsystems.Theinterquintupleinteractionplaysadominantroleindeterminingthetopologicalphase.Theinter-quintupleseparationinSb2Se3islargerthanthatofBi2Se3sothatthespin-orbitcouplingoftheformerisweakerthanthelatter.ThereforeSb2Se3isanormalinsulatorwhileBi2Se3isatopologicalinsulator.Weexplainthepuzzlingband-topologydifferencebetweenSb2Se3andBi2Se3andproposeanapproachtotuningthetopologicalphasebystrain.ItisfoundthatSb2Se3canbeconvertedintoatopologicalinsulatorbyapplyingcompressivelongitudinalstraintoreducetheinter-quintupleseparationandincreasethespin-orbitcoupling.Atensilestrainwillhaveanoppositetuningeffectontheinter-quintupleseparationandspin-orbitcouplingandturnBi2Se3intoanormalinsulator.WehavestudiedthinfilmsofSb2Se3andBi2Se3andalsoobservedastrain-inducedtopologicalphasetransition.TheeffectsofthesurfaceandinterfaceontheTIfilms:BasedonvanderWaalsdensityfunctionalcalculations,wehavestudiedfew-quintuple-layer(QL)filmsofBi2Se3andBi2Te3.Theinter-QLse
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