渭河流域非点源污染物入河量估算分析-estimation and analysis of non-point source pollutants entering the weihe river basin.docx
渭河流域非点源污染物入河量估算分析-estimation and analysis of non-point source pollutants entering the weihe river basin
西安理工大学硕士学位论文
II
(4)潼关吊桥断面年总污染负荷的计算结果表明渭河流域 COD 年总污染负荷在五
年内呈现下降的趋势,由 2006 年的 70100t 降低到 2010 年的 54531t,NH3-N 波动较小, 介于 14340t~18902t 之间,原因在于点源排放量稳定时,氨氮污染径流量变化对年通量 的影响不大;
(5)径流量差值法计算潼关吊桥非点源污染结果表示,渭河流域 COD 非点源比例 在五年内呈现增长的趋势, 非 点源比例 介于 12%~30% 之间 。氨氮非点源比例介于 8%~15%之间,波动较小;
(6)通过 SPARROW 模型和输出系数法的结果比较得出:①渭河流域氨氮和 COD 污染严重地区基本都是在渭河干流咸阳、西安、渭南段,以及天水、庆阳地区,两种方 法结果一致;②SPARROW 模型计算得到 NH3-N 计算值比实际值偏大 63.57%,COD 偏大 6.74%,而输出系数法计算出的渭河流域非点源污染负荷较实际而言有所偏高,COD 偏 高 26%,NH3-N 误差相对较小,为 5.81%,两者不尽相同;③SPARROW 模型得出氨氮 非点源污染源贡献比较大的主要是农业源、畜禽养殖源,其贡献比例分别为 42.95%和 40.96%;COD 非点源污染贡献比较大的是农业源、畜禽养殖源以及城镇污染源,贡献比 例分别占 30.43%、23.36%和 11.06%。输出系数法得出污染源贡献较大的普遍为农业人 口、大牲畜以及耕地,并且农业人口所占的比例介于 20%~53%之间,耕地的所占的比例 最低为 8.14%,最高为 44.67%;大牲畜的则比较平稳,介于 16%~25%。可见两种方法 得出的污染源类型基本相同,各污染源所占比例略有不同。
关键词:渭河流域;非点源污染;SPARROW 模型;径流量差值法;输出系数法 基金项目:本研究得到了全国水资源保护规划相关专题研究项目——入河污染物限排总量
分解与控制关键技术研究的资助,特此感谢!
Abstract
Title: The quantitative research for non-point source pollution of Weihe River
Major: Environmental Engneering
Author: Yu Chen Signature:
览。句
Supervisor: Prof. Huai-en Li
Abstract
Signature:
μωe代又二
Weihe River is the largest tributary of the Yellow River,throughout the GuanZhong Plain from west to east. The Weihe basin is located in Gansu,Ningxia and Shaanxi provinces (autonomous regions) and its one of the important agricultural and indus甘ial area in China. AIso,Weihe influence the socio-economic development and peoples Iiving standards along
itself 部 an important water so田ces of poIIutant,f100d and maintenance of e∞system. As the
only waste water drainage channels in GuanZhong Plain,Weihe River recepts the most domestic and industrial wastewater what cause the water of Weihe River became V class,even inferior V wate巳 and the water lost their na阳re functionality. Weihe River pollution on many factors,the most important is non-point sourωpoIlution,and the generation and the migration process simulation is difficult.Es严cial以 because of the lack of monitoring data in China and 由e applicability of parameters,its no
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