无线传感器网络中的数据聚合策略与路由优化分析-data aggregation strategy and route optimization analysis in wireless sensor networks.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 无线 无线传感器网络中的数据聚合策略与路由优化研究 摘 要 数据聚合技术是目前无线传感器网络中的研究热点,数据聚合算法的主要目 标是通过收集和聚合数据来减少冗余信息量,节约能耗,从而延长网络的生命周期。 无线传感器网络在采用数据聚合技术节省能耗的同时,也会增加网络的传输时延。 本文归纳无线传感器网络的各种数据聚合策略的设计原则和分类方法,分析当前 典型的各类数据聚合策略的主要机制,比较了当前已有算法的特点、性能差异和应 用范围。 针对能量有效性问题和传输时延问题，分别提出两种数据聚合策略： (1) 基于网格划分与最优路径选择的数据转发方法：网格结构是基于地理位置 构建的分层网络结构。网格内进行数据聚合，通过多跳的方式将聚合后的数据发 送给基站。网格间数据转发的过程中综合考虑最优传输距离、传输方向与节点剩 余能量。提出的路由协议支持异构无线传感器网络，网络中布置少部分高能节点 后可以显著提高网络的生命周期。 (2) 基于网格划分与多信道分配的大规模无线传感器网络最小化聚合时延的 算法：利用地理位置信息将网络划分网格，根据网格坐标分配信道。网格坐标相 同的节点使用相同的信道，相邻的网格使用不同的信道，这样有效避免无线媒介 传输干扰，从而增加并行传输率，减少聚合延迟。本文提出的算法适用于规模大， 节点通信半径大的无线传感器网络。 关键字：无线传感器网络 网格划分 最优路径 多信道分配 Abst Abstract 无线 无线传感器网络中的数据聚合策略与路由优化研究 Abstract Data aggregation technology is a hot research topic in wireless sensor networks at present. Data aggregation algorithms goal is to through the gathers of data to reduce the redundant information, save energy and prolong the life time of the network. While using data aggregation technology to save energy in wireless sensor networks, it will increase the network transmission delay and reduce the accuracy of data collection. Based on the above issues, design principles and classification methods for data aggregation protocols in wireless sensor network are summarized, and fundamental mechanism of each recent representative data aggregation protocols is analyzed in details. The characteristics, performance, and application areas of various data aggregation protocols in wireless sensor network are adequately compared. Considering energy efficiency problem and transmission delay problem, two data aggregation policies for WSN are proposed. Grid partition and optimal path selection-based data aggregation routing strategy: grid structure is a hierarchical network structure constructing based on the geographic location. Data aggregation is conducted in each grid and aggregated packet is sent to base station through multi-hop path. Forwarding data between the grids considering the optimal transmission distance, the optimal transmissio