不同生态型杂草稻对水稻生长及产量影响.docVIP

不同生态型杂草稻对水稻生长及产量的影响 　　摘要：通过田间试验初步研究采自上海市青浦区、浦东新区、嘉定区等地的籼型和偏籼型杂草稻以及采自崇明区的粳型杂草稻对水稻生长、产量构成因子和产量的影响。结果表明，在水稻营养生长期，不同籼型、偏籼型杂草稻密度对水稻基本苗、株高、单株鲜质量、分蘖数、倒二叶长、倒二叶宽均未有明显影响；而籼型和偏籼型杂草稻密度对产量构成因子有效穗数、穗长、一次枝梗数、穗粒数、千粒质量、结实率等均能产生一定影响，而粳型杂草稻只对水稻有效穗数、结实率、千粒质量等产生一定影响，实际产量等均随杂草稻密度的增加呈下降趋势。青浦区、浦东新区、嘉定区等地的籼型、偏籼型杂草稻和崇明区粳型杂草稻导致水稻产量损失50%时的密度分别为8.19、1282、15.45、19.82株/m2。 　　关键词：杂草稻；生态型；水稻生长；产量；产量构成因子 　　中图分类号：S451；S511.01 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1003-935X（2016）03-0022-06 　　The Effects of Different Weedy Rice Ecotypes on Growth and Yield of Cultivated Rice 　　WEN Guangyue1，LI Tao2，QIAN Zhenguan2 　　（1.Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology，SAAS，Shanghai 201403，China； 　　2. Eco-Environment and Plant Protection Research Institute，SAAS，Shanghai 201403，China） 　　Abstract：The effects of weedy rice of Indica type，Indica-like type from Qingpu，Pudong，Jiading and Japonica type from Chongming county on cultivated rice growth，yield components and grain yield were studied. Indica and Indica-like weedy rice planted at different densities did not affect the crop at its vegetative growth stages based on measurements of rice basic seedlings，plant height，fresh weight per plant，tiller number，and length and width of the leaf below the flag leaf. In the rice reproductive growth stage，the number of effective panicles，panicle length，number of first branching of panicle，grain number per spike，1000-grain weight，and seed setting rate declined with increasing densities of Indica and Indica-like weedy rice whereas the number of effective panicles，seed setting rate，and 1000-grain weight declined with increasing densities of Japonica type weedy rice. The density at 8. 19，12. 82，15. 45，and 1982 plant every square meter of weedy rice caused 50% harvest yield loss respectively. 　　Key words：weedy rice；ecotype；rice；growth；yield 　　?s草稻（Oryza sativa f. spontanea）别称野稻、?t生稻、杂稻、红稻等，包括中国在内的世界大多数水稻产区均有发生[1]。据联合国粮食与农业组织（FAO） 的估计，杂草稻已经成为世界稻田的三大草害之一，其危害仅次于稗草（Echinochloa crusgalli） 、千金子（Leptochloa chinensis）[2-3]。据不完全统计，我国近年已有超