精英老年人医护培训在居家互助养老模式中价值探讨.docVIP

精英老年人医护培训在居家互助养老模式中价值探讨 　　摘 要 目的：探索通过对精英老人的医护培训，提高居家互助养老的效率和质量。方法：于2014年2月至5月对55名精英老人进行10次共计40学时的医护课程，通过课程反馈评价、学员培训体会及理论考试，对课程效果进行评估。结果：考核合格率为94.55%，学员对课程设置和教学方式总体较为满意，认为教学内容针对性及实用性强，且希望将所学的技能应用于居家养老服务。结论：通过对精英老人的专业医护培训构筑的互助养老模式，可作为现有居家互助养老模式的有效补充，应该得到全社会的重视和支持。 　　关键词 精英老人 培训 互助养老 　　中图分类号：R197.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2015）16-0020-04 　　Exploration of the value of the “health care training for the elite aged people” in the home-based mutual pension mode 　　ZHANG Ying， CHENG Yun， WU Xiuju， CHEN Qianqiu 　　（Huadong Hospital of Fudan University， Shanghai 200040， China） 　　ABSTRACT Objective： To explore the training of the health care for the elite aged people to improve the efficiency and quality of the home-based mutual pension mode. Methods： From Feb. to May 2014， 55 elite aged people were trained for 40 hours of the health care classes in ten times in total， their curriculum effect was evaluated through the curriculum feedback assessment， trainees’ training realization and theory test. Results： The examination pass rate was 94.55%. The participants were generally satisfied with the curriculum design and teaching methods， thought the target and practicability of the teaching content strong and expressed a strong intention to apply the learned skills in the home-based pension service. Conclusion： The homebased mutual pension mode for the aged， which is built through training the elite aged people in the professional health care can be used as an effective complement to the existing home-based mutual pension mode and should get the attention and support from the whole society. 　　KEY WORDS elite aged people； training； mutual pension for the aged 　　近年来，中国人口老龄化势态日益严峻，呈现出老年人口规模大、增速快、高龄化、空巢化等特点。传统的家庭养老由于人口结构的变化、家庭规模的缩小等原因，其功能正日益弱化[1]，而机构养老限于资源的缺乏和较高的成本无法大规模进行推广。因此，通过构建“以社区居家养老服务为主、机构养老服务为辅”的养老服务格局，为老年人提供日常生活照料服务、医疗护理和保健服务等。但居家养老在运行中还存在诸多不完善的方面：①行政色彩浓重，社会参与不足；②服务种类单一，专业服务程度低；③居家看护人员层次参差不一，多数看护人员文化程度低，仅能提供家政服务；④从业人员服务意识差，队伍不稳定[2]。因此在目前有照顾需求的居家老年人中，84.3%仍然依靠亲属提供照顾，而这些承担“