临床新护士工作环境对职业倦怠影响.docVIP

临床新护士工作环境对职业倦怠的影响 　　[摘要] 目的 探讨临床新护士工作环境对职业倦怠的影响，为预防临床新护士职业倦怠提供心理干预依据。 方法 对8家630名临床新护士进行工作环境问卷和职业倦怠量表调查，采用多元线性回归分析。 结果 ①临床新护士工作环境均分为（2.71±0.40）分，职业倦怠均分为（2.50±0.69）分；②临床新护士工作环境各维度与职业倦怠的个人成就感呈显著正相关（P 0.01），与情感耗竭、去人格化显著呈负相关（P 0.01）；③对临床新护士职业倦怠产生影响的工作环境因素有内部工作动机、对实践的控制、团队合作、医护关系和患者信息的交流（P 0.05）。 结论 临床新护士工作环境处于中等水平，职业倦怠感处于较低水平，工作环境因素可以有效预测临床新护士的职业倦怠，改善临床新护士的工作环境可以预防职业倦怠。 　　[关键词] 临床新护士；工作环境；职业倦怠 　　[中图分类号] R192.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2015）08（c）-0082-05 　　[Abstract] Objective To investigate the impact of professional practice environment on job burnout of new nurses， and to provide theory basis for the prevention of new nurses burnout. Methods Maslach Burnout Inventory （MBI） and professional practice environment scale were delivered to 630 new nurses in 8 general hospitals， and then multiple linear regression analysis between working environment and job burnout was carried out. Results ①The mean score of working environment was （2.71±0.40） points， and the mean score of job burnout was （2.50±0.69） points. ②All dimensions scores of working environment were positively correlated with personal accomplishment （P 0.01）， while were negatively correlated with depersonalization and emotional exhaustion （P 0.01）. ③Factors of the influence of professional practice environment on job burnout were internal work motivation， control over practice， teamwork， staff relationships with physicians and communication about patients （P 0.05）. Conclusion The overall working environment of new nurses is in a moderate level， while burnout is in lower level. The five factors of working environment can effectively predict the new nurses burnout， the professional practice environment is recommended to be improved as the intervention to reduce job burnout of the nurses. 　　[Key words] New nurse； Professional practice environment； Job burnout 　　临床新护士指毕业后工作1年以内的护士由于从学生走向工作岗位，不但专业知识缺乏和适应能力差，且面临自身角色的转变和环境的改变的特殊护士群体[1]。临床新护士不仅需要应对工作中的压力，更需要克服诸多方面心理压力，在日常护理工作中容易遭受应激和发生职业倦怠[2]。护士工作环境指使护士获得更多自主