儿童急性肺炎护理体会.docVIP

儿童急性肺炎护理体会 　　[摘要] 目的 探讨小儿急性肺炎的综合护理的临床疗效，总结儿童急性肺炎护理经验，为儿童急性肺炎护理规范制订提供参考意见。 方法 回顾性分析天津市儿童医院2011年1月～2012年1月收治的980例急性肺炎患儿的临床资料，对相关护理方案进行分析总结。 结果 所有急性肺炎患儿经治疗及综合护理后，痊愈943例，有效31例，无效6例，无患儿死亡，总有效率为99.38%。治疗及护理过程中未见明显的不良反应发生。经过综合护理后，患儿及家属对护理服务质量满意，满意度为100%。 结论 采取综合完善的护理方案可提高儿童肺炎治疗效果，避免肺炎并发症的发生，促进肺炎患儿及早康复。 　　[关键词] 儿童；肺炎；护理；治疗方案；疗效 　　[中图分类号] R473.72 [文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-7210（2014）04（b）-0135-04 　　[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical effect of comprehensive nursing of children with acute pneumonia， summarize the nursing experience of acute pneumonia in children， provide a reference suggestion for nursing care of children with acute pneumonia. Methods 980 cases of children pneumonia clinical data and the nursing experience were retrospectively analyzed and summarized in Tianjin Childrens Hospital from January 2011 to January 2012. Results After treatment and comprehensive care， 943 cases were cured， 31 cases were effective， 6 cases were ineffective， no died case， the total effective rate was 99.38%. In the treatment and nursing process， no obvious adverse reaction happened. The patients and their families were satisfied with nursing service， satisfy degree was 100%. Conclusion Using comprehensive nursing care program can improve the effect of the treatment of pneumonia in children with pneumonia， avoid the occurrence of complications， and promote early rehabilitation of children. 　　[Key words] Children； Pneumonia； Nursing； Therapeutic schedule； Curative effect 　　儿童急性支气管肺炎是威胁我国儿童健康的严重疾病，在儿科疾病中，其发病率和病死率高居首位[1]。近年来，随着社会经济发展，城市化和工业化程度的逐步提高，伴随而来的是周围环境空气质量下降，PM 2.5监测水平呈现逐步增高的趋势，吸入的颗粒可以沉积到肺内，阻塞肺泡以及细小支气管引起通气障碍；加之目前的儿童体质状况逐年下降，儿童期支气管肺炎的发病率逐年升高，且这种状况引起全社会极大的关注和重视。 　　儿童急性肺炎为儿科医院中的临床常见病、多发病，主要病因是由于机体免疫力下降，多种细菌、支原体或病毒联合或单独致病引起的，其发病部位早期多数位于上呼吸道、支气管感染，病变严重者可发展至肺段、肺小叶等部位的感染。其主要致病特点为发病急、症状重、并发症多，易引起循环系统衰竭，严重威胁患儿的身体健康。由于患儿的表达能力差，对症状和疾病发展不能具体描述，所以合理治疗的同时配合细致的综合护理措施对患儿病情恢复十分重要，可以极大的提高临床的治疗效果[2-3]。针对儿童肺炎起病急，咳痰效果不理想，早期进食易引起误吸等特点，天津市儿童医院（以下简称“我院”）采取对症处理以及呼吸道和消化道管理措施，取得比较好的疗效，本文总结980