地黄植株体内miRNAs与其连作障碍关系研究进展.docVIP

地黄植株体内miRNAs与其连作障碍关系研究进展 　　[摘要]MicroRNAs是一类内源性小分子的非编码RNA，它通过对其靶基因的降解或抑制翻译来调控基因表达，进而调控植物的生理活动。植物在遇到逆境胁迫时，miRNAs会作用于与逆境相关的基因，启动体内的抗逆机制抵抗不利因素。地黄的连作障碍也是一种胁迫，从miRNAs水平上研究，有利于解读地黄连作障碍的分子机制。该文对地黄体内miRNAs的功能及调控机制进行了综述，并对miRNAs在地黄的研究中进行了展望。 　　[关键词]地黄； miRNAs； 连作障碍； 胁迫； 基因调控 　　[Abstract]The efficacy of Rehmannia glutinosa which as a large quantity of traditional Chinese medicine is significant. However， the land must be given up after one season of R. glutinosa cultivation or replanted after a period of 810 years because of the severe continuous cropping obstacles. MicroRNAs is a class of endogenous noncoding small RNAs， which participate in regulation of physiological activities by target mRNA cleavage or translational repression in plants. In recent years，studies on the role of miRNAs in plants have made significant progresses，especially in medicinal plants.MiRNAs from some different medicinal plant species have been identified with regulatory effects.When plants are exposed to environmental stress， miRNAs act on stressrelated genes and initiate stressresistance mechanisms in the body against adverse factors. R. glutinosa is also a kind of environmental stress. It is conducive to deciphering the molecular mechanism of continuous cropping obstacles for us by researching miRNAs. This article reviews the production of miRNAs， mechanism， research approaches and characteristics of resisting the environmental stresses in plants， the development trends and future prospect of R. glutinosa miRNAs research. 　　[Key words]Rehmannia glutinosa； microRNA； continuous cropping obstacles； stress； gene regulation 　　MicroRNAs（miRNAs）作?檎婧松?物细胞内基因表达的重要调控因子，越来越备受关注[1]。miRNAs是一类内源的、长度约 21～24 nt的非编码小RNA（Small RNA）分子，它最早在线虫Caenorhabditis elegans L中被发现，之后在拟南芥、玉米、小麦、水稻等植物中，通过高通量测序、生物信息学预测、基因克隆等方法鉴定了不同类型和不同数量的miRNAs家族[2]。随着miRNAs研究的不断深入，通过对拟南芥、水稻等模式植物miRNAs 功能的研究揭示了miRNAs 在植物的生长、发育、逆境胁迫等生理过程中发挥着重要作用[3]。最近的研究表明：植物在不同的逆境胁迫下诱导特异miRNAs 的表达，并证实了某些miRNAs 在植物遭受逆境胁迫时而做出适应性调整的过程中起着重要的调控作用[4]。 　　地黄Rehmann