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U71Mn与Q370qE钢埋弧焊接工艺及接头组织研究-材料加工工程专业论文
华
华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文
II
II
Abstract
Submerged arc welding(SAW) is one of the mechanized welding methods with high efficiency and economic benefit. Weldings in the bridges and the rails not only can reduce the self-weight of the bridges but also improve the production efficiency, so it has high practical significance and economic value.
The organization performance of the U71Mn steel CGHAZ (Coarse Grain Heat Affected Zone) was studied in this paper. Then the reasons of pores and cracks in weld were discussed. Finally the microstructures of the joint were analysed.
It is found that in the thermal simulation test t8/5 has little influence on the grain size of CGHAZ but on the organization and performance. The content of martensite in CGHAZ decreases as t8/5 increases, martensite disappears when t8/5 is longer than 100s; the microhardness of the CGHAZ drops as t8/5 increases.
Impact toughness of the samples deteriorates seriously after thermal simulation test.
The impact toughness of the samples were enhanced first and later declined as t8/5 increases. It reaches the maximum when t8/5 is 100s.
The temperature measurement test during the process of welding shows that t8/5 increases as the preheat temperature of U71Mn steel rises. The t8/5 is about 120s when the
preheat temperature is 400℃,and martensite does not form in HAZ under this condition.
The orthogonal experiment shows that the most important factor to the weld forming is the type of flux and the follows are drying temperature of the flux, welding current and welding speed respectively. The weld forming looks best when welding with fused flux
while the drying temperature of the flux is 400℃, the welding current is 335A and the
welding speed is 10m/h.
The analysis of weld cracks forming indicated that weld cracks were influenced by three factors: high content diffusion hydrogen in weld; great constraint stress and stress
III
III
concentration in fillet weld; hardening organization in fusion zo
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