TiAl-5Nb合金定向凝固过程中组织演化规律的研究-材料加工工程专业论文.docx

哈尔滨工业大学工学博士学位论文 哈尔滨工业大学工学博士学位论文 Abs Abstract - - PAGE VIII - - - III - 层取向大多与生长方向相平行，实现了在高铝 TiAl-5Nb 合金中的片层取向的控 制。因此，通过实验证明了 TiAl-5Nb 合金在不同的温度梯度和生长速度条件下 都可以得到全 β 凝固。并且在温度梯度为 11.4K/mm、生长速度小于 15μm/s 条件 下 Ti-50Al-5Nb 合金具有较好的片层组织，在高铝的 TiAl-5Nb 合金中获得了我 们所期望得到的定向凝固组织。本文利用成分过冷和充分形核假设(NCU 模型)， 建立了 Ti-(44-53)Al-5Nb 合金定向凝固过程中的相和组织选择图，计算结果与实 验结果吻合很好。 关键词：TiAl-5Nb 合金；定向凝固；组织演化；相选择；热力学计算 Abstract TiAl alloys are one of the most potential high temperatures structural materials. The engine vanes with monoaxial stress condition are one of the important developmental directions. In order to fully display the advantage of TiAl-based alloys using in engine vanes, we hope that the solidification mode is the full beta solidification during the directional solidification of TiAl-based alloys. Consequently, we obtain the lamellar microstructure inclined at angle of 0° or 45° to the growth direction. Nb additions not only can enhance the high temperature properties and the temperature ductility of TiAl alloys, but also Nb additions play very important role for obtained TiAl-based alloys of the full beta solidification. In summary, Nb additions offer the possibility in order to design the full beta solidified high Al content TiAl alloys of high properties and controllable lamellar orientation. Firstly, Ti-Al-Nb ternary phase diagrams were calculated by Thermo-Calc software. By the analysis of the vertical sections of Ti-Al-Nb with lower Nb content than 15at.%, the following are the results. First, when Nb content is 5at.% and Al content is lower than 52.3at.%, the primary phase is β phase during solidification. Second, when Nb content is 10at.% and Al content is lower than 55.8at.%, the primary phase is β phase. Third, when Nb content is 15at.% and Al content is lower than 56.9at.%, the primary phase is β phase. The vertical sections of Ti-Al-Nb ternary system are further simplified into pseudo-Ti-Al binary phase diagram. According to the pseudo-Ti-Al binary phase diagram, the expressi