急性心肌梗死患者性别差异临床比较分析.docVIP

急性心肌梗死患者性别差异临床比较分析 　　[摘要]目的 探讨不同性别急性心肌梗死患者发病情况、临床特征、治疗和预后的差异。方法 回顾性研究2011年1月～2016年12月于我院住院治疗的3267例急性心肌梗死患者，比较不同性别患者发病年龄、入院时的临床特征、住院期间治疗和病死率的差异。结果 男性发病数在各个年龄段均高于女性（总男女比例为2.91∶1），而女性患者平均年龄大于男性，差异有统计学意义（t=5.97，P0.05）。女性心肌梗死患者典型临床表现如胸痛等症状发生率低于男性（χ2=3.31，P0.05），急性期再灌注治疗率和住院期间肝素或低分子肝素的使用率低于男性；而病死率则高于男性（χ2=3.13，P0.05）。结论 男性急性心肌梗死患者发病率显著高于女性，且发病年龄较低，而接受再灌注治疗等积极治疗较女性多；女性患者死亡率显著高于男性。 　　[关键词]急性心肌梗死；性别差异；临床特征；再灌注治疗；病死率 　　[中图分类号] R73 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）12（c）-0036-04 　　[Abstract]Objective To investigate the gender difference in incidence，clinical features，treatment and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction （AMI）.Methods A retrospective study was performed on 3267 patients with acute myocardial infarction who were hospitalized in our hospital During from January 2011 to December 2016 period.The difference in age of onset，clinical features of admission，treatment and mortality during hospitalization were compared.Results A total of 2432 male patients and 835 female patients were enrolled.The number of males was more than that of females in all age groups（the total ratio of male to female was 2.91∶1），while the average age of female patients was older than that of males，The difference was statistically significant（t=5.97，P0.05）.The incidence of typical clinical manifestations in female patients，such as chest pain， was lower than that of men（χ2=3.31，P0.05）.But the incidence of other aspects such as the rate of reperfusion and the use of heparin or Low Molecular Heparin was lower in female than in male during the acute phase，while the mortality rate was higher in female than in male（χ2=3.13，P0.05）.Conclusion The incidence of male acute myocardial infarction is higher than that of female，and the age of onset is younger.There are more active treatments such as reperfusion therapy in male than in female.The mortality rate of female patients is higher than that of males. 　　[Key words]Acute myocardial infarction；Gender differences；Clinical characteristics；