城市街道峡谷内机动车排放活性污染物扩散分析-diffusion analysis of active pollutants from motor vehicles in urban street canyon.docxVIP
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                城市街道峡谷内机动车排放活性污染物扩散分析-diffusion analysis of active pollutants from motor vehicles in urban street canyon
                    中文
中文摘要
万方数据
万方数据
城市街道峡谷内机动车排放活性污染物扩散研究
摘 要
随着城市化进程的持续推进,大城市的高层建筑与机动车密度逐 渐升高,十分容易形成大量的机动车尾气在“街道峡谷”中积聚的局 部重度污染现象,研究城市街道峡谷内空气污染的影响因素及特征具 有积极的现实意义。本文用 CFD 方法对宽高比等于 1 的对称街道峡 谷进行二维数值建模,考虑在日光照射的条件下污染气体发生光化学 反应的同时,模拟计算并探讨街道峡谷中机动车排放气体演变扩散的 特征及影响因素。
引用两组风洞试验数据,利用相似原理,对本文建立的街道峡谷 模型进行了验证,结果表明风洞试验结果与数值仿真结果吻合较好。 研究中使用了两种不同的化学反应机理:采用简化的 NO-NO2-O3 反 应机理,改变排放强度、受阳光照射地面加热强度、来流风速等仿真 参数,通过时间步进的仿真计算手段,给出了在这些不同条件参数下
街道峡谷内的流场变化以及各污染物在街道峡谷中的平均浓度和分 布情况;引入 CBM-IV 机制探究分析了排放源中不同的 NOx 和 VOCs 浓度和比例对于光化学烟雾重要生成物 O3 和 PAN(过氧乙酰硝酸脂) 浓度的影响规律,得出 O3 和 PAN 浓度随 NO/NO2 比值增大而递减, 随 VOCs 浓度增大而递增,且 O3 浓度主要取决于 NO/NO2 比值,而
PAN 浓度更容易受到 VOCs 浓度水平的影响。同时计算比较了不同阳
I
上海
上海交通大学硕士学位论文
光照射强度下的生成物 O3 和 PAN 的浓度,光照增强,O3 和 PAN 的
浓度均有所提高。
关键词:街道峡谷;光化学反应;臭氧
II
英文
英文摘要
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF REACTIVE POLLUTANT DISPERSION IN AN URBAN STREET CANYON
ABSTRACT
In this period of rapid urbanization, the raise of large city’s high-rise buildings amount and vehicle population easily leads to automobile exhaust gathering in so-called ―street canyons‖ which forms severe pollution, so that investigation into the reactive pollutant dispersion in an urban street canyon has a positive significance. CFD method is used to model a symmetrical street canyon with H/W ratio of 1. The characteristics of the dispersion of reactive pollutant is simulated and analyzed considering photochemical reaction in sunshine.
Two terms of wind tunnel experiments data are used to validate the street canyon model set up in this study and it shows approving results. Two different chemical reaction mechanisms are used in this study. Using a simplified NO-NO2-O3 chemical reaction mechanism, the air flow field and pollutants concentration field in street canyon are calculated with various simulation parameters by changing exhaust intensity, bottom heating and upper wind velocity. The concentration variation tendencies of two significant products in photochemical smog, O3  and PAN, are
III
上海
上海交通大学硕士学位论文
investigated using a more completed mechanism CBM-IV. Simulation r
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