护生社区就业意向影响因素研究现状.docVIP

护生社区就业意向影响因素研究现状 　　 　　 　　[摘要] 社区护士是指在社区卫生机构从事社区护理工作的护理专业技术人员，是医疗卫生事业的骨干。我国社区卫生服务发展的短板之一是护理人才数量缺乏。在校护理专业的学生可塑性强，毕业后可作为新生力量及时补充社区护士数量。调查护生社区就业意向的影响因素对今后在学生中开展有针对性的社区护理职业教育，增强护生社区就业意向具有重要意义。现从护生个人因素、社区护士职业特点、社会影响因素等方面综述我国护生社区就业意向影响因素的研究现状。 　　[关键词] 就业意向；护生；社区；综述 　　[中图分类号] R47[文献标识码] B[文章编号] 1674-4721（2014）05（a）-0140-03 　　 　　The research status of factors influencing the community employment intention of nursing students 　　LI Jia-jia 　　Tieling Health Career Academy of Tieling City in Liaoning Province,Tieling 112008,China 　　[Abstract] Community nurses is a nursing professional and technical personnel engaging in community nursing work in community health institutions and is the backbone of medical and health undertakings.One of short board of the development of community health service in China is the shortage of nursing talent.The plasticity of students at the school of nursing specialty is strong,and they were selectedas a new force of timely replenishment of numbers of nurses after graduation.Investigation of influencing the community employment intention of nursing students has important meaning intention for future development of the targeted community nursing occupation education in students and enhancing community employment intention.Study status of impact factors of employment intention in community nursing students is reviewed from the aspects of individual factors of nursing students,community nurse occupation characteristics,social influence factors and so on in our country. 　　[Key words] Employment intention;Nursing students;Community;Review 　　社区护士是指在社区卫生机构从事社区护理工作的护理专业技术人员[1]，是医疗卫生事业的骨干。我国社区卫生服务发展的短板之一是护理人才数量缺乏，在职社区护士改行多、临床护士转社区护士少、护理专业毕业生社区就业少，是社区护士短缺的三大最主要原因[2]。前两种原因研究方向都立足于在职护士的职业稳定性，而后者则针对学生这一特定群体。在校生可塑性强，可作为新生力量及时补充社区护士数量。调查护生社区就业意向的影响因素，对今后在学生中开展有针对性的社区护理职业教育，增强护生社区就业意向具有重要意义。现将影响我国护生社区就业意向的相关因素研究现状综述如下。 　　1 护生个人因素 　　1.1 家庭背景 　　来自经济困难家庭的护生，就业时要考虑减轻家庭负担[3]，独生子女要考虑父母的赡养，而家庭条件好的护生对经济收入无顾虑。护理专业女生居多，依赖性强，自主性差，在就业决策时易受他人意见影响[4]。农村护生信息来源相对狭窄，